When combined with other biochemical measurements, the de.termination of metals in biological samples can assist the diagnosis of metabolic disorders, confirm occupational exposure to toxic metals and be useful in monitoring a patient's * Incomplete background correction. T Results for 0.25°/u mlV CaCI2.
Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) was applied to determine phosphate concentration in water of the southern part of Al-Hammar marsh water from July 2007 to July 2008. A linear line was obtained over the range 0.25- 1.75 μg/ml of phosphate with regression coefficient for seven points is 0.9999. The detection limit was 0.075 μg/ml with % R.S.D for ten replicate analysis of 1.0 μg/ml phosphate is 0.511% and the dispersion coefficient in the flow system is 5.4. The samples can be analyzed at rates exceeding 72 sample per hour .It was noted that phosphate concentration ranged 0.295 - 1.450 μg/ml, whereas the maximum phosphate concentration was recorded in spring 2008 and the minimum in autumn 2008.
A fully automated microfluidic Flow Injection spectrophotometric system was designed in our laboratory with methylene blue used as an example. The device consists of a double-line microfluidic chip with dimensions (30 μl x 4 cm), each 15 μl volume intended to allow a very small volume of reagent and sample to be used. The microfluidic system also consists of two types of Arduino software. The first was the UNO of a type used to control the two mini peristaltic pumps to drive the water and methylene blue as carrier stream and sample respectively. The Mega type, which was equipped with homemade software, signal-to-peak, was the second Arduino which used as a data logger to record the results in the form of peaks using Microsoft Excel 2016. The peak’s height was corresponding to concentration. The linearity was in the range (0.025-0.125 μg/ml) with a five-point regression coefficient (0.9981), RSD% for ten replicates is 0.025 μg/mL. The detection limit was (0.001 μg/ml) and the sample throughput was 300 samples per hour and each sample required 25 μl of chemical reagents. Therefore, 240 samples need only (5.0 ml) from the chemical reagents, which clearly indicates that the consumed reagent and the waste were very low. Therefore, the method for determining methylene blue with a fully automated system is very environmentally friendly. save time, consumption regent, Improve quality, decrease cost-consumption reducing the consume of sample and inherited the reproducibility and accurate from flow injection analysis.
Lab. made micro flow Injection system (μFIA) was designed which supplied with two microcontroller UNO and Mega types. These two microcontroller (Arduino) were provided with home- made software programs.The first one, type UNO used to control home- made mini peristaltic pump to drive reagents to detector. The other one was Mega type which was used as a data-logger to manipulate and recording the results as peak height corresponding the concentration by using Microsoft Excel 2010 program. The diameter of the tubes was 0.2mm i.d which used in all parts of manifolds The proposed μFIA manifold was used for phosphate determination in soft drinks samples which supplied from local market. The best conditions for the determination of phosphate by Murphy method was studied. linearity, detection limit, r.s.d% were 5-30 μg/ml,0.09 μg/ml and 0.48% respectively. The phosphate concentrations in the different soft drink samples were in the rang 250-825 μg/ml by using the standard addition method in order to eliminate all expected interferences. The home -made Semi- automated micro-flow injection analysis (μFIA) system was applied successfully for phosphate estimation with simple, high sensitive and accurate.
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