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Summary —Microangiography of the bladder has been studied by the use of a mixture of Micropaque and Hypaque. There appears to be a considerable variation in the vascular supply, not only in different specimens but also in different parts of the same specimen. In general, the base and the lateral walls are more richly supplied than the rest. The vessels seem to form 3 plexuses: extramural, intramural and submucous. In places, moderately large aberrant vessels spring from the 3 plexuses and proceed into the mucosa itself.

Open Access Original Article

The technique developed to study the microangiography of healthy bladders has been applied to study the known vagaries of papillary tumours their associated changes and their genesis. Epithelial hyperplasia (reactive hyperplasia), which develops as a from mucosal self-defence, is a general, non-specific tissue response to an adverse environment. The conversion of reactive hyperplasia into reactive autonomy represents the neoplastic process. The growth of abnormal arteries precedes the development of tumours. A papillary tumour results from a symbiotic growth relationship between such an abnormal artery and the overlying normal or hyperplastic epithelium. All known vagaries of papillary tumours have been studied.

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