We successfully designed Zn ion doped ZSM-5/silicalite-1 core-shell zeolite catalyst. On methanol to para-xylene (MTpX) over the core-shell catalyst, p-xylene yield was 40.7 C-mol% and para-selectivity (para-xylene selectivity in xylene isomers) was higher than 99 C-mol%, which substantially exceeds the other results reported in the literature.
Over 65% yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose was obtained under mild condition by using ZSM-5/HT composite as acid/base bifunctional catalyst.
Incorporating Ge into the aluminophosphate framework generated weakened Brønsted acid sites, leading to prolonged catalyst lifetimes in the MTO reaction.
Core‐shell zeolite composite crystals consisting of an MFI structure were prepared by a zeolite overgrowth method. The core and shell zeolites are ZSM‐5 with acid sites and silicalite‐1 (Al‐free MFI zeolite) without acid sites, respectively. The structured core‐shell ZSM‐5/silicalite‐1 catalyst was used for the reactions to produce benzene, toluene, and p‐xylene (BTpX) from five C1‐3 feedstocks. The selectivity to total BTpX on ZSM‐5/silicalite‐1 (47‐71 C‐mol%) was much higher than uncoated H‐ZSM‐5 (24‐42 C‐mol%) at the conversion of 89–99 % of the reactants (C1‐3 feedstocks). Furthermore, para‐selectivity (p‐xylene selectivity in xylene isomers) was very high 94–99 C‐mol% compared to the uncoated ZSM‐5 (23‐52 C‐mol%). Both the high BTpX and para selectivities are due to the inhibition of undesirable reactions on the external surface of ZSM‐5 crystals such as alkylation and isomerization. It has shown that this core‐shell structure was very suitable for the BTpX production catalyst.
Various synthesis methods of zeolites have been established. Hydrothermal synthesis method with organic structure directing agent (OSDA) has been widely applied in zeolite synthesis. However, this method has some big problems in terms of industrial and environmental aspects: OSDA is expensive and thermally decomposed OSDA produces air pollution; and the yield of zeolite crystals per reactor volume is low due to the presence of solvent. We hence synthesized ZSM‐5 (MFI‐type zeolite) in the absence of both solvent and OSDA to overcome these problems. Briefly, the starting materials including silica powder, sodium aluminate, sodium hydroxide and a small amount of seed crystals (ZSM‐5) were mixed together and grinded using a ball mill. Then the milled powder was crystallized under a steam atmosphere by varying crystallization time. We found that an MFI phase started to appear after 12 h and the formation of pure ZSM‐5 crystals was completed after 24 h. Our method provides a simpler and efficient process of zeolite synthesis in an environment‐friendly manner than those of any conventional solvent methods, which will promise to promote mass production of a variety of zeolites.
Propane was found to be dehydrogenated over the Brønsted acid sites derived from incorporated Ga in the 12-membered large micropores of a *BEA-type structure.
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