The present study focused on assessing the water quality by using water quality index (WQI) of six streams located surrounding iron ore mine of Suakati area of Keonjhar District of Odisha, which includes the physicochemical analysis of fourteen parameters: pH, colour, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolve oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl -), nitrate (NO 3 -), oil & grease (O&G), sulphate (SO 4 2-), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), fluoride (F -) and arsenic(As). The WQI of these streams ranges from 4.47 to 244 indicating bad water quality of few streams. The high value of WQI has been found to be mainly from the higher values of TDS, TH, NO 3 -, O&G, Mn, SO 4 2-, As, Fe and F -in different stream water. Correlation analysis shows a strongest value of positive Correlation coefficient (r) exist between O&G and WQI (r=0.979) at SW1, between as and WQI (r=0.985) at SW2, between O&G and WQI (r=0.99) at SW3, between O&G and WQI (r = 0.995) at SW4, between as and WQI (r=0.948) at SW5 and between TDS and WQI (r=0.753) at SW6. The analysis reveals average WQI score for water sample from locations SW1 (126.4), SW2 (222.6), SW3 (105.2) and SW6 (156.6) are in higher sides and quality is very poor. The study shows the quality of water is fit to use in irrigation but not fit for domestic purpose. It also proofs that anthropogenic activity like mining activity is putting deleterious impact on the surrounding water bodies.

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Literacy has traditionally been described as the ability to read and write a simple message with understanding in any language. Literacy in any area was determined largely by a variety of historical, social and economic factors. Literacy brings about fundamental changes in socio-economic development. The disparity in literacy generates several social, economic and political problems, which may threaten the foundation of development. Literacy and education are necessary for human development. It contributes to better income and health of the population. The national adult Education Programme launched countrywide in 1978 has viewed literacy as a means to bring about a fundamental change in socio-economic development. Literacy and education attainment is the key variables influencing fertility, mortality and migration. Therefore, literacy is the decisive factor for the development and population control as well as inequality in literacy tends to lead to several socio-economic problems, which in turn gives rise to regional imbalance. The disparity in literacy generates several social, economic and political problems, which may threaten the foundation of development. The main objective of the present study is to analyze the pattern of literacy and changes in the Baitarani basin, Odisha.

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