Background: Unidentified circulating factors derived from placenta are thought to be responsible for the exaggerated systemic inflammation leading to preeclampsia. Our aim was to identify the circulating factors present in preeclampsia and to investigate their relationship to the underlying systemic immune response responsible for the associated clinical manifestations. Methods: We obtained blood samples from pregnant women with and without preeclampsia and performed comparative proteomic analyses to identify the abnormal circulating factors by 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight for protein separation and identification. In placentas from preeclamptic pregnancies, we evaluated the potential role of the candidate proteins identified by Western and immunohistochemical analysis. We also used proinflammatory cytokine antibody arrays to investigate local and systemic immune responses. Results: We found that ficolins, the pattern-recognition proteins involved in the lectin-complement pathway, were differentially expressed in plasma from preeclamptic pregnancies. Ficolins were present in low concentrations in plasma but at high concentrations in the placenta, particularly in syncytiotrophoblasts undergoing apoptosis. The binding of ficolins in apoptotic
cMRI scanning with 1.5 T scanners is safe in patients implanted with the Accent MRI™ conditional pacing system and has no significant effect on the electrical parameters of the device and leads.
Background: In Boston Scientific dual-chamber devices, the RYTHMIQ(TM) algorithm aims to minimize RV pacing. We evaluated its performance by determining 1) the appropriateness of the switch from the AAI(R) with backup VVI pacing to the DDD(R) mode in case of suspected loss of AV conduction and 2) the rate of recorded pacemaker mediated tachycardia (PMT) when AV hysteresis searches for restored AV conduction. Methods: We included 157 patients from 4 centers with a Boston Scientific dual chamber pacemaker (40) or ICD (117) without permanent AV conduction disorder and with RYTHMIQ enabled. We reviewed the last 10 remote monitoring-transmitted EGMs of RYTHMIQ switch and of PMT episodes. Results: 142 patients (90%) demonstrated !1 episode of RYTHMIQ switch. Of 1266 episodes: 16% were appropriate (loss of AV conduction) while 84% were inappropriate: 66% was related to compensatory pause (PVC 56% [FIG 1], PAC 7% or both 3%) or to a PVC falling in the post-atrial pacing ventricular refractory period interval (21%) and 10% were related to lead dysfunction (atrial or ventricular undersensing, atrial capture failure or atrial noise oversensing). The average time spent in DDD(R) mode after an inappropriate switch episode was 4h48m (median 1m03s, 46s to 289h). 154 PMT episodes were diagnosed in 27 patients (17%). In 69% of correctly diagnosed episodes, the onset of PMT was directly related to the algorithm related prolongation of the AV delay promoting AV dissociation and retrograde conduction.Conclusion: The RYTHMIQ algorithm shows: 1) high rate of inappropriate switch (mostly PVCs) and 2) high rate of induction of PMT. This may have clinical implications in terms of selection of the patients and may suggest required changes in the algorithm architecture.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.