According to modern ideas, in myocardial infarction a cascade of pathobiochemical reactions is triggered directly in the ischemic focus, leading to a disturbance in the metabolism of cardiomyocytes, the launch of "parasitral" energy-producing reactions, the development of mitochondrial dysfunction, the complete blockade of the macroergic compounds synthesis, and as a result, cells death. In this regard, in the acute period of myocardial infarction it is pathogenetically justified to use drugs that can affect cardiomyocytes metabolism and restore the course of bioenergetic reactions in the cell. Aim of study-to evaluate the SERM cardioprotective effects in the conditions of acute myocardial infarction modelling with the use of the ST2 marker. Materials and methods. The experimental part of the work was performed on 120 mature rats-males weighing 190-230 grams. Small-focal acute myocardial infarction was modelled by the administration of coronary artery spasm induced agents-pituitrin and β1, 2, 3 isoprenaline adrenomimetic for 3 days. The investigated drugs tamoxifen citrate (0.1 mg/kg) (reg. № EF3300), toremifene (0.1 mg/kg) (reg. № 1705834), and also comparators-tiotriazoline (50 mg/kg) (UA/2931/01/02) and capicor (6 мg/kg) (reg. № 11114) were injected intraperitoneally 20 minutes after the injection of isadrin for 3 days in the above stated doses. The myocardial infarction development was confirmed by electrocardiographic study, as well as the appearance of troponin I in blood plasma. The directivity and severity of pathobiochemical processes in the cardiac tissue, as well as the effect of the studied drugs on them, were studied through the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of nitrotirozine and homocysteine concentration in the heart homogenate and ST2 in blood plasma. Results. Systematic administration of a coronary artery spasm induced agents to laboratory animals led to a gradual, progressive ischemic lesion of cardiomyocytes. Biological markers of myocardial infarction Troponin, ST2 I were registered on the 3 rd day after the administration of pituitrin and isadrin in the blood plasma of the control group. Using selective receptors modulators and reference preparations (thiotriazoline, capicor) in experimental therapy of rats with experimental myocardial infarction promoted the normalization of biochemical processes in cardiomyocytes. However, the effect of the studied drugs was unidirectional with various degree of intensity. All the drugs statistically significantly reduced oxidative stress marker products. The most marked effects were displayed by the selective estrogen receptors modulators toremifene and tamoxifen, which decreased in ST2 blood plasma level (by more than 46 %) providing realization of IL-33 cardioprotective properties. In addition, SERM can limit oxidative and nitrosyl stresses development, leading to a decrease in the concentration of homocysteine and nitrotirozine in the heart. Interaction of these effects of tamoxifen citrate in conditions of acute myocardial infarction modelling resul...
INFLUENCE OF THE SELECTIVE ESROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS ON THE EXPRESSION AND SYNTHESIS OF HSP 70 PROTEINS IN CARDIOMYOCYTES OF RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE MYOCARD INFARCTION
Objective. To study the clinical and laboratory data of patients with viral-bacterial pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, to evaluate the spectrum of bacterial causative agents and their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.Materials and methods. 50 cases of viral-bacterial pneumonia associated with the COVID-19 infection were analyzed. The gender-age structure of patients, clinical and laboratory data, degree of disease severity and concomitant diseases were studied. Microbiological examination of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed by bacteriological method using an automatic microbiological analyzer. Identification of the selected cultures and the determination of their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs were provided.Results. The average age of the patients in the studied group was 71,1 ± 14,8 years. 90% of patients had concomitant diseases, mainly of cardiovascular system. The secondary bacterial infection was diagnosed on 13,0 ± 5,0 day from the disease onset and was characterized by bilateral lung lesions. The most common etiological factors of bacterial pneumonia were the microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family — 37%, Staphylococcus aureus — 23% and Acinetobacter baumannii — 13%. The isolated strains were characterized by drug resistance to aminopenicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and carbapenems.Conclusion. The high level of resistance of bacterial pneumonia causative agents isolated from patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to antimicrobial drugs requires wider use of reserve drugs and implementation of other treatment strategies.
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