Wilson's disease is a very rare and inherited autosomal recessive disease of copper metabolism. The cause of the disease is mutation of the Adenosine triphosphate 7B (ATP7B gene). The ATP7B gene is responsible for biliary excretion of copper and incorporation of copper into ceruloplasmin. The imbalance in the copper metabolism leads to copper toxicity which primarily involves the brain, liver, the kidney, and the skeletal system. Early diagnosis and intervention is needed to prevent the mortality and morbidity of the disease. In this article, we focus on the evaluation and dental management of patients with Wilson's disease.
Introduction:
The aim of this study was to demonstrate if articaine hydrochloride administered alone as a single buccal infiltration in maxillary tooth extraction can provide adequate palatal anesthesia as compared to buccal and palatal injection using lidocaine and bupivacaine.
Materials and Methods:
A prospective double-blinded trial was conducted on 150 patients who required maxillary tooth extraction. The patients were divided into three different groups consisting of 50 patients each. Each group was administered with 4% articaine into buccal vestibular mucosa of the tooth to be extracted, 2% lignocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine was injected into buccal and palatal side of the tooth to be extracted, respectively. Following the tooth extraction, all patients were asked to complete a 10-score Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and 5-score facial pain scale (FPS) to assess the pain on extraction.
Results:
According to the VAS and FPS scores, the pain on extraction between buccal infiltration of articaine and the routine buccal and palatal infiltration of lignocaine was statistically significant.
Conclusion:
The routine use of a palatal injection for extraction of maxillary teeth may not be required when articaine is used as a local anesthetic solution.
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