The Habanero hot pepper group is not well known in Brazil, despite its origin in the Amazon. Nevertheless, domestic and international markets have been increasing the demand for this type of hot pepper. The Brazilian agroindustry is interested in supplying part of this demand with high quality products and competitive prices, and it needs well-adapted cultivars. To fill this gap, Embrapa Vegetables developed the Habanero pepper cultivar BRS Juruti, which meets the demands of both the market for fresh fruit and the processing agroindustry of mash and sauces. Cultivar BRS Juruti has red fruits and yielded around 50 t/ha (36,000 plants/ha). Fruit pungency is circa 260,000 SHU and fruits have high content of vitamin C (122 mg/100 g). BRS Juruti is resistant to several viruses, Oidiopsis sicula, and Meloidogyne javanica, and presents intermediate resistance to key bacterial diseases; and is highly uniform in comparison with the original population. Cultivar BRS Juruti is recommended for open field (specially adapted to the Central Region of Brazil), as well as greenhouse/screenhouse cultivation. BRS Juruti has been registered (RNC 32010) and protected (DOU 01/09/2015) in theBrazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and FoodSupply (MAPA). Breeders' seed is being made available to interested parties in the private sector.
The establishment of populations with ample genetic variability and their use in breeding programs are discussed based on the Capsicum breeding program at Embrapa. Thirty-one accessions of "Habanero" pepper from different origins present in the Capsicum Active Germplasm Bank (AGB) of Embrapa Vegetables were used to establish a base population. The base population of "Habanero" was formed by an equal mixture of F2 seeds from all crosses obtained, using a fixed weight (1 g) per cross, which is close to 150 seeds per genotype. This balanced population was introduced in theCapsicum AGB as CNPH 15,469. There are several possibilities to explore this variability, such as the use of base population as source of inbred lines; the use of base population for selection in specific environments; establishment of new populations from the base population, and also its use in recurrent selection programs.
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