Background: Diabetic foot ulcers continue to pose a significant global issue despite the advances made in the management of diabetes. It causes major foot complications if they are not addressed properly. While several advancements have taken place in wound care management, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) promises to offer new hope in its management, aiding in cellular and tissue regeneration. Hence the present study was carried out to determine the safety and effectiveness of PRP in the management of diabetic foot ulcers in comparison to conventional dressing.Methods: This prospective study was focused on 50 diabetic foot ulcers, carried out in a surgical unit of Onsite Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu from November 2018 to November 2019. Patients were divided into two groups group A received conventional ordinary dressing (n=25, 50%) and group B received PRP dressing (n=25, 50%). The mean follow up period was 6 weeks.Results: The present study observed that participants receiving PRP showed better wound contraction of 33.74% than the group receiving only conventional treatment with a mean wound contraction of was 12.82%. In addition, the duration required for wound contraction in the PRP group was short (mean value 4.488 cm) compared to the conventional dressing group (mean value 6.188 cm). The PRP group was found to be more effective in wound healing with fewer complications, less infection, exudates and pain.Conclusions: PRP is a powerful tool for the treatment of chronic wounds and very promising for diabetic foot wounds and it enables healing and reduces amputation rates, infection and exudates.
Regional anaesthesia is emerging either as a sole anaesthetic technique or as a supplement to general anaesthesia in different surgical conditions. With increasing incidence of systemic illnesses coming for operative procedures, the value of addition of nerve blocks to a routine anaesthetic technique assumes more significance in terms of decreasing morbidity. Usually, the anaesthesiologists are familiar with abdominal, chest and extremity blocks. As ultrasound is not friendly with head and face with bony prominences, the progress in this field is further hampered. In this narrative review, we will try to elaborate on a few useful nerve blocks of the head and face; the importance of ultrasound in viewing those nerves in the bony gaps will be discussed. The use of such techniques as either a perioperative analgesic or as an independent anaesthetic method along with the precautions to be followed in their administration will be highlighted.
Diabetic retinopathy is becoming a more prevalent disease in diabetic patients nowadays. The surprising fact about the disease is it leaves no symptoms at the beginning stage and the patient can realize the disease only when his vision starts to fall. If the disease is not found at the earliest it leads to a stage where the probability of curing the disease is less. But if we find the disease at that stage, the patient might be in a situation of losing the vision completely. Hence, this paper aims at finding the disease at the earliest possible stage by extracting two features from the retinal image namely Microaneurysms which is found to be the starting symptom showing feature and Hemorrhage which shows symptoms of the other stages. Based on these two features we classify the stage of the disease as normal, beginning, mild and severe using convolutional neural network, a deep learning technique which reduces the burden of manual feature extraction and gives higher accuracy. We also locate the position of these features in the disease affected retinal images to help the doctors offer better medical treatment.
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