These data demonstrated that both PDGF-AB and TGF-beta1 were highly concentrated in the PRP preparations. It is suggested PRP modulates cell proliferation in a cell type-specific manner similar to what has been observed with TGF-beta1. Since synchronized behavior of related cell types is thought to be required for successful periodontal regeneration, it is further suggested these cell type-specific actions may be beneficial for periodontal regenerative therapy.
The presence of MVI was the most important risk factor affecting recurrence and survival in HCC patients after curative resection. Furthermore, this study showed that gross classification of HCC can be very helpful in predicting the presence of MVI.
The pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins form one of the largest families in higher plants and are believed to be involved in the posttranscriptional processes of gene expression in plant organelles. It has been shown by using a genetic approach focusing on NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) activity that a PPR protein CRR4 is essential for a specific RNA editing event in chloroplasts. Here, we discovered Arabidopsis crr21 mutants that are specifically impaired in the RNA editing of the site 2 of ndhD (ndhD-2), which encodes a subunit of the NDH complex. The CRR21 gene encodes a member of the PPR protein family. The RNA editing of ndhD-2 converts the Ser-128 of NdhD to leucine. In crr21, the activity of the NDH complex is specifically impaired, suggesting that the Ser128Leu change has important consequences for the function of the NDH complex. Both CRR21 and CRR4 belong to the E؉ subgroup in the PLS subfamily that is characterized by the presence of a conserved C-terminal region (the E/E؉ domain). This E/E؉ domain is highly conserved and exchangeable between CRR21 and CRR4, although it is not essential for the RNA binding. Our results suggest that the E/E؉ domain has a common function in RNA editing rather than of recognizing specific RNA sequences.Arabidopsis ͉ chloroplast
The plant-specific DYW subclass of pentatricopeptide repeat proteins has been postulated to be involved in RNA editing of organelle transcripts. We discovered that the DYW proteins CHLORORESPIRATORY REDUCTION22 (CRR22) and CRR28 are required for editing of multiple plastid transcripts but that their DYW motifs are dispensable for editing activity in vivo. Replacement of the DYW motifs of CRR22 and CRR28 by that of CRR2, which has been shown to be capable of endonucleolytic cleavage, blocks the editing activity of both proteins. In return, the DYW motifs of neither CRR22 nor CRR28 can functionally replace that of CRR2. We propose that different DYW family members have acquired distinct functions in the divergent processes of RNA maturation, including RNA cleavage and RNA editing.
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