OBJECTIVES: The main rationale for using biosimilar medicines is one of cost saving. The market development for biosimilar drugs will therefore depend on the degree to which cost saving measures are required by nations, medical insurers and individuals and the absolute savings that can be gained by switching from originator brands. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential cost savings accrued by switching patients from the originator brand, Remicade® to biosimilar infliximab CT-P13 in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in a large acute Irish teaching hospital. METHODS: Throughout September 2016 to May 2017, data were collected on 20 patients that were switched from Remicade® to biosimilar infliximab CT-P13. Cost data for these medicines were obtained using exfactory prices available from a national pharmaceutical database. Hypothetical biosimilar pricing scenarios using discount rates of 15%, 30% and 45% were applied to the biosimilar infliximab CT-P13 price. These rates are believed to mimic national current commercially sensitive transactions offered by pharmaceutical manufacturers on biosimilar medicines to Irish Hospitals and are corroborated by the literature. The viewpoint of the study was that of the Irish healthcare payer. RESULTS: With respect to the various hypothetical biosimilar pricing scenarios outlined, potential cost savings from switching these 20 patients can range from V76,638 to V180,099. In addition, assuming no applied discount rate to the publically available ex-factory price, switching this cohort of patients to biosimilar infliximab CT-P13 can result in an immediate cost saving of 25% to the Irish healthcare payer. CONCLUSIONS: Cost savings accrued from biosimilar medicine usage is of benefit to all stakeholders: increased access to medicines for patients, more treatment options for prescribers, sustainable healthcare budgets for payers and more business opportunities for manufacturers. Healthcare policymakers are one body that need to do more to increase biosimilar medicine uptake.OBJECTIVES: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and H2-receptor antagonists are used for antisecretory therapy of acid related diseases. The aim of research -assessment of the volume and structure of consumption of PPIs and H2-receptor antagonists in Ukraine in 2016-2017 and a comparison of their consumption in Ukraine with other countries. METHODS: Assessment of drugs consumption was carried out by ATC/ DDD-methodology. International index of DDDs / 1000 inhabitants / day was calculated at carrying out research. Number of drugs packaging, which were sold for a year in Ukraine, was taken from the information system "Pharmexplorer" of Company "Morion" (September, 2016(September, -2017. Antisecretory drugs DDD are taken from the WHO website (http://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/). The drugs consumption level in Baltic countries (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia) and Norway was estimated using statistical data of these countries. RESULTS: The largest volumes of consumption in 2016-2017 in all the countries...
Aim:The aim of the study is evaluation of burnout and work engagement among psychiatric nurses, and determination of the relationship between these variables and the perceived demands of emotional display rules, emotional labour strategies, and of demands of interpersonal interactions.
Method:Sixty psychiatric nurses completed the Polish version of the Maslach-Burnout Inventory MBI, the Polish version of the UWES, the Emotional Labour Scale, Emotion Work Requirements Scale and the Frequency, Duration and Routineness of Interactions Scale.Results: It was found that a greater burnout is associated with higher requirements of hiding negative emotions, surface acting, and routineness of interactions, whereas a lower burnout is connected with expression of naturally felt emotions and a high frequency of interpersonal interactions. Lower engagement in work is related with undertaking surface actions, while a greater dedication is associated with the duration of interaction.Discussion: Work requirements are of great importance for burnout, but less important for work engagement. The perceived demands for the display of positive emotions are related with both higher emotional exhaustion, and a lower feeling of the lack of accomplishments at work, which suggests that this aspect of work may be of a negative as well as positive importance.
A337 medications and obstetric medical history. Set-up was non-random, convenience sampling with 40 women's data with mean age 33.7± 3.6, between August 2013 -February 2014. Friedmann ANOVA and t-test was applied for analysis with software Statistics for Windows. Results: Progresses the gestation period significant reduction of TSH values was observed in hypothyroid patients (p= 0,0075). Comparing successive TSH values of the individual patients showed the same significant difference. Significant negative correlation was founded between TSH value and thyroxin dose in group of hypothyroid patients (r= -0,35; p< 0,05). Premature birth and other obstetric complications occured more frequently in the thyreotoxical group, especially among older women giving birth. ConClusions: In case of hypothyroid pregnant with increasing dose of thyroxin the TSH levels are well balanced, and obstetric complications did not occur, while in hyperthyroid patients can be reported obstetric complications in addition to proper care.
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