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The CsA withdrawal in cases with TMA at a stage when significant functional deterioration has not taken place can salvage the graft.

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Disseminated cryptococcosis mainly occurs in patients with impaired cell mediated immunity. We present a case of disseminated cryptococcosis in a non-HIV patient with nephrotic syndrome who never received immunosuppression. Cultures of bone marrow aspirate, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and histology of skin lesions were all consistent with Cryptococcus neoformans infection. Treatment with amphotericin B followed by fluconazole was successful and in the course of two months when, the skin nodules disappeared. Key words: Cryptococcosis, nephrotic syndrome, immunocompromised hostWith the increasing number of immunocompromised patients in the last decade, the systemic mycoses are increasing in importance as opportunistic infections. The etiologic microorganisms vary depending upon the type of immune dysfunction. Definitive diagnosis is often difficult to establish and usually requires invasive biopsy.Cryptococcosis or Torulosis first described by Busse in 1894, is an uncommon systemic mycosis caused by the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Approximately 85% of patients with cryptococcosis have impaired cell mediated immunity. Acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated cryptococcal infections now account for 80-90% of all patients with cryptococcosis. 1Here we report a case of disseminated cryptococcosis in a non-HIV patient with nephrotic syndrome who was never treated with immunosuppressive drugs. We believe this case to be the first report of disseminated cryptococcosis occurring in a nephrotic syndrome patient without AIDS or medical immunosuppression. Case ReportA 37-year-old farmer, who was diagnosed to have nephrotic syndrome, presented with one month history of low grade fever, lethargy, weight loss and increasing body swelling. Past medical history was significant for nephrotic syndrome, secondary to membranous glomerulonephritis two years back. He was treated with a diuretic and ACE inhibitor combination and never required steroids at any stage. He was however, lost to follow up for a year and was finally back with On examination, he appeared ill, temperature was 100 o F, blood pressure 160/90 mmHg, he was pale and had generalized oedema. General examination revealed multiple, variable sized, discrete, nontender subcutaneous nodules (Fig. 1)

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This study explored the effect of foreign remittances on the household poverty in case of Pakistan. The data has been taken from Pakistan social and living standard measurement (pslm) survey for the year of 2018-2019. In order to check the impact of foreign remittances towards household poverty probit regression has been utilized. Household poverty has been used as a binary variable having its two values poor and non-poor. While independent variables used in it are family size (hh size), foreign remittances (rem), number of employed persons in a household (no. of workers) and region rural/urban (area). The findings of probit regression revealed that family size (hh size) have its positive and significant impacts on household poverty while foreign remittances (rem), no. of employed persons in a household (no. of workers) and region rural/urban (area) have significant but negative impact on household poverty. At last findings purposed that there is a need to start such soft immigrations plans and policies with the consent of embassies of other countries through which people can easily get migrated. There is a need to create an awareness program through which every person can easily find employment opportunities according to their skills. There is a need to launch awareness programs about the negative impacts of high population among people. There is a dire need to take initiative for people of rural area to provide jobs. Establishing rural non-farm economy can be helpful. Keywords: Remittances, Poverty, Cross-Sectional Data

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