The majority of published data on exhaust gas emissions is cited based on the test results from the NEDC driving cycle. This paper specifies the methodology of how to develop dynamic characteristics of the emissions, based on the aggregated data from the measurement of modal emissions obtained in the course of NEDC and FTP-75 driving cycles for gasoline and CNG fuelling. The presented characteristics concern a real passenger car which was tested, then the characteristics were used to calculate the exhaust gas emissions during a specially developed driving test comprising four main motion resistances and engine braking. The effect of fuel type on selected emissions of exhaust gas components has also been compared and assessed.
The paper includes a brief description of the methodology of obtaining dynamic characteristics of four basic exhaust gas emissions: CO2, CO, HC and NOx based on combined data from road tests on the engine test beds NEDC and FTP-75. The characteristics developed through tests on a class C motor-car have been presented. The possible advantages thanks to the application of the dynamic characteristics developed have been indicated. The significant values of emission during engine braking have been pointed out. For a wider recognition of this area of dynamic characteristics, special chassis tests were carried out on the engine test bed, recording the emissions of the exhaust gas components listed in the modal system with 0.4 s rate in the test of full engine braking on III, IV and V gear. The results were summarized and assessed.
This paper briefly describes a methodology of developing characteristics of fuel consumption in dynamic conditions on the basis of modal measurements in road tests NEDC and FTP-75, and based on determined characteristic of fuel consumption measurement for a real car engine. The results of fuel consumption calculations determined on the basis of the dynamic characteristic for set driving conditions, and on the basis of the universal characteristic for a real car have been presented presented. The results calculated have been compared and existing differences evaluated.
The article presents issues related to the drivability and stability of a vehicle equipped with electric motors placed in the hubs of wheels. In the article was presented the necessary modifications to the vehicle and their impact on the vehicles motion parameters. Describes the behavior of the vehicle on a homogeneous surface and on surfaces with different adhesion coefficient under the wheels of the vehicle sides. The simulation model is presented. The last part of the article presents simulation results for compared surfaces with different adhesion under the wheels of the left and right side of the vehicle.
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