The dynamics analysis of the rear suspension system of the Fiat Panda III with electric motors mounted in wheels is presented in the paper. The simplified model of this system modeled using the multibody system dynamics method and the MSC. Adams package is proposed. In order to validate the proposed numerical model, the road tests were carried out consisting on passing the vehicle without motors in wheels at constant speed through the obstacle. The vertical displacement of the center of the vehicle wheel was measured during the tests. During the validation, parameters of the wheel-to-road contact, stiffness coefficients of springs and shock absorber damping coefficients of the suspension of the simulation model were modified so that the numerical results were consistent with the experiment. Further, such a tuned model was used to simulate the motion of suspension with the motors mounted into the wheels. The obtained results were validated, obtaining the accepted compatibility. In the following, a series of calculations was carried out in order to analyze the influence of stiffness coefficients of springs and shock absorber damping coefficients on the dynamic response of the suspension.
This paper presents a comparison of the characteristics of the tyres of a full-size vehicle with the tyres of a physical model scaled 1:5. This is a continuation of studies on the use of a scaled vehicle to test the stability of a vehicle. The results presented are based on analysis of a scaled vehicle and a full-size vehicle on a stand and during road tests. Tests were carried out involving manoeuvres based on the ISO standard. The effects of the differences in the construction of the tyres of the scaled vehicle and their impact on the tyre characteristics and its behaviour during testing were compared. This paper presents the results of a comparison of selected parameters of motion for a real vehicle and for a mobile scale model. These tests allowed a statement to be made about the suitability of the used tyres and the entire physical model for lateral stability analysis of a full-size vehicle.
The article discusses the impact of design solutions of vehicle suspensions into angles of body roll. It was shown which type of suspensions is better from this point of view. There were examined the dependence of the suspensions parameters on the vehicle body roll angle. The influence of camber angle on the force transmitted to the tire contact with the road surface was analysed. The lateral forces were measured on the test stand. There was tested dependency of lateral forces from the sideslip angle for different angles of camber. Was analysed change of lateral forces generated by camber angle on the vehicle which was made on a scale ~ 1:5 during tests carried out on the testing track. For this purpose, two tests have been selected: first one allowing the measurement in steady motion conditions, the second one with dynamic change of direction of vehicle motion. The graphs show the effect of camber angles on the controllability and stability of the vehicle motion.
The influence of mounting motors in wheels’ hubs and flexibility of the twist beam rear suspension on their dynamics and strength is presented in the paper. The international roughness indicator (IRI) is applied to assess the overcoming of road unevenness. This indicator is a combination of a shape of the road unevenness and of overcoming velocity. The movement of a wheel’s axis during obstacles overcoming is described. For the needs of the dynamics analysis, the mathematical model of the rear suspension system with embedded motors is developed using the MSC.Adams-ANSYS interface. The discrete model of the twist beam is prepared in the ANSYS software, which is used in the next step to construct the dynamics model of the rear suspension system using the MSC.Adams program. The vertical components of displacement and acceleration of the wheel’s centre, forces in the suspension’s springs and dampers, as well as forces in the joints are analyzed. The analysis of the suspension beam’s stress during the road unevenness overcoming is also carried out.
The article presents an analysis of the impact of a malfunction resulting from excessive clearance on the rocker arm pin of the front suspension on the vehicle’s steerability. The first part of the article presents an analysis of the influence of the clearance on the rocker arm pin on the geometry of the suspension and steering system. The occurrence of forces acting on the rocker arm pin in various phases of the vehicle motion was analyzed. To assess the vehicle’s steering, the vehicle’s response time to sudden steering wheel movement was used. The vehicle’s response time to sudden movement of the steering wheel was used to assess the vehicle’s steerability. The second part presents the results of bench tests and traction tests of a vehicle equipped with a specially made measuring rocker arm with the possibility of simulating a clearance. The tests were carried out on a class B passenger car in selected road tests. The results of measurements obtained for the roadworthy vehicle and the vehicle with the rocker arm with clearance were compared. The influence of the clearance on the rocker arm pin on the change of vehicle steerability in steady and dynamically changing conditions was analyzed. The test results show the effect of clearance on vehicle steering and on the vehicle steerability. The study tried to determine to what extent the clearance on the rocker arm affects the vehicle’s steerability and thus the safety in road traffic.
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