Summary
Most electrical systems are represented as ladder networks made up of resistances, inductances and capacitances. Electrical characteristics of these networks, such as voltages, currents and equivalent impedance, are difficult to compute because they require solving multiple differential‐algebraic equations. Further, circuit simulator‐based modelling is a time‐consuming and tedious process for simulating large networks with multiparameters present in various configuration. This paper presents generalised analytical formulae for computing the electrical properties of any multiparameter arbitrary section homogenous ladder network that can be reduced to series and shunt impedances. Circuit principles, chain matrix decomposition and linear transformation are used to derive the symbolic expressions. Simply plugging the values of the series and shunt impedances, as well as the number of sections, into the derived expression yields the impedance. Thereafter, the calculated impedances can be used to calculate the nodal voltages and mesh currents. Simulation results of a six‐section homogeneous ladder network are presented and compared with those of other existing techniques to validate the derived expressions. The derived expressions eliminate the need for recursive relations, complex integro‐differential equations, large state‐space matrices and simulator‐based circuit modelling, which are all clearly advantageous.
Identification of chilli cultivar is prime importance to ensuring seed quality during seed production, certification and quality control. Fifteen cultivars were subjected to different biochemical tests Viz., phenol test, modified phenol test with FeSO4 and CuSO4, analysis of soluble seed proteins by SDS-PAGE. No single varieties were so distinct in case of phenol colour reaction, while it helped to group the cultivars. Based on modified phenol text with ferrous sulphates 1per cent (FeSO4) and 0.5 per cent copper sulphate (CuSO4) helped in further classification of cultivars. The cultivars Gouribidanur Local and Phule Jyothi showed unique bands at 14 (Rm: 0.624) and 2 (0.191) level of band. All the cultivars were distinct among each other showing SDS-PAGE as efficient method in chilli cultivar identification.
A field experiment was conducted during early kharif of 2008 on sandy clay loam soils to study the effect of nitrogen and zinc on yield and quality of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.]. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design and replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of three nitrogen levels viz., 20, 30 and 40 Kg N ha -1 in main plots and four zinc management viz., 0.5% ZnSO 4 spray at 25 days after sowing (DAS), 45 DAS, 0.5 % ZnSO 4 spray at 25 and 45 DAS including soil basal application of 20 Kg ZnSO 4 ha -1 . Significantly highest dry matter production was registered with 40 Kg N ha -1 , while it was the lowest with 20 Kg N ha -1 . Yield attributes and seed and stalk yield were the highest with 30 Kg N ha -1 . Among the zinc management practices 0.5 % ZnSO 4 spray at 25 and 45 DAS resulted in highest seed and stalk yield. With regard to quality parameters, protein content was found to be the highest with 40 Kg N ha -1 , which was however, comparable with 30 Kg N ha -1 . The highest protein content was recorded with 0.5 % ZnSO 4 spray at 25 and 45 DAS while it was the lowest with 20 Kg ZnSO 4 ha -1 .
Aims: This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding post-covid care among people in India. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted over a period of 3 months among 372 participants using convenient sampling through google forms. Results: Present study revealed that 99% had good knowledge and 1% have poor knowledge, 97% have favourable attitude and 3% have unfavourable attitude. In practice 99% have healthy practice and 1% have unhealthy practice after covid -19. The present study reveals that there was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and attitude and knowledge and practice (R=0.139, P=0.7). The Knowledge is directly affected by both attitude and practices towards post -covid care. Conclusion: Most of the people were having positive attitude and are unable to put in practice. But a positive attitude with knowledge changes the behaviour of the person and promotes healthy behaviour and prevents future complications. To increase and to update precautionary behaviour among the public, health officials and policy makers must provide knowledge and efficacy belief through mass communication programs/IEC. If any person wants, rehabilitation can be arranged for the people who are still suffering from the post covid care complications like follow-up treatments.
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