A given impedance load can be made matched to a transmission line by elementary stub tuner movements in a Smith chart. We now show that a given patch antenna can be made matched and broadband, by a similar stub tuner movements through replacing the impedance load with the center of the impedance locus loop of the patch.
Miniaturizing patch antenna by a shorting pin near the feed probe has been successful in hardware experiments. The physical mechanism behind is now given. The mechanism points out that the feed probe with the shorting pin is equivalent to a folded dipole antenna in admittance formula. This equivalence makes it possible to use the Smith chart to: 1) aid the selection of the feed and pin dimensions and 2) provide the limit of possible miniaturization. The mechanism also points out that the efficiency of patch can be quite low due to the high Q of the miniaturized mode.
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