Environmental pollution with ecotoxicants makes humanity rethink its attitude to the world around it and accept the concept of the need to protect people and animals living on our planet. This paper presents the results of experimental studies of substances of natural origin for the selection of the most promising ones in order to create a multifunctional means of protecting farm animals in areas of anthropogenic pollution. In vitro experiments on lethally irradiated lymphocytes of the peripheral blood of animals, the radioprotective properties of phytogenic preparations were evaluated, and a three-component radioprotective composition was created. On lethally irradiated laboratory animals, the radioprotective activity of various compositions constructed from microbial biomasses and metabolic products of E. coli “PL-6”, B. bifidum 1 bacterial strains, phyto- and zoo drugs preparations radiomodified at a dose of 4 kGy was tested. From the metabolites of the radiomodified bacterial strain B. bifidum 1 (R6), the phytopreparation “Turmeric” and the biologically active feed additive “Vita-Force M”, the phytozoic microbial preparation FZMP was designed and tested on laboratory animals, which provided protection from radiation death to 80% of lethally irradiated laboratory animals, with 100% death of rats in the irradiation control group.
The article reports results of development of a drug for the prevention and treatment of radiation lesions in animals based on radio modified microorganisms E. coli PL-6 and B. bifidum 1. Aimed at target changing of metabolism, bacteria were exposed to gamma irradiation at doses from 1 to 20 kGy, studying the interaction of microorganisms in the consortium, as well as the safety of produced drugs. Irradiation of E. coli at a dose of 2 kGy led to the appearance of individual cells with polymorphism and having a length exceeding the initial size by 3-7 times. The irradiation of B. bifidum 1 at a dose of 4 kGy contributed to the formation for atypical, polychromic cells, multiple darkening of pigment granules and cell fragments as a result of destruction of microorganisms. The original E. coli PL-6 did not produce the enzymes superoxide dismutaseand catalase, but the metabolites of radiomodified strains of E. coli PL-6 (R10) contained 0.97±0.09 m.c.M/g SOD and 27.38±0.59 mcat/g/ml of catalase activity. In the metabolites of radio-resistant bifidobacteria, as compared with the initial ones, a 1.45-fold excess of peroxidase was recorded.
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