In the present study, the ability of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1) ) to induce endogenous oxidative damages and the possible ameliorating effects of dietary melatonin (MEL) were investigated. Newly hatched broiler chicks (n = 240) were fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets (0.5 or 1 mg kg(-1) diet) with or without MEL (40 mg kg(-1) bw) supplementation in diet for 40 days. AFB(1) resulted in a significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver and erythrocytes accompanied with suppression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities of erythrocytes. It also caused a significant reduction in levels of serum proteins and marked elevation in activities of serum transaminases. AFB(1) treatment also decreased both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in growing chicks. Simultaneous administration of MEL with AFB(1) resulted in an obvious improvement in all the tested parameters. Long-term rather than short-term administration of MEL was more effective in rendering protection against AFB(1)-induced toxicity.

Nowadays, the pharmaceutical market is growing rapidly and continuously in worldwide but, still the demand for new drug discovery is encouraged. Because, the growth of numbers drug resistant infectious disease and more upcoming disorders to human and animals. In general, the marine animals especially mollusks and their compounds constitute a practically unlimited resource of new active substances. Hence, the present study was carried out to determine the bactericidal activity of Crassostrea madrasensis protein against human pathogens. The edible Oyster Crassostrea madrasensis was collected from Rayapuram lnading centre, Tamil Nadu, India. Immediately it was extracted by using phosphate buffer at three different pH (4, 7 and 9) and all the extracts were screened against six different human pathogens such as Vibrio cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp, Streptococcus sp and Staphylococcus sp by agar well diffusion assay. After 24 hrs of incubation the maximum inhibitory effect was observed against Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Streptococcus sp and Staphylococcus sp and the minimum inhibitory effect was observed against Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella sp and Shigella sp respectively. Whereas checking the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), the crude protein extract of Crassostrea madrasensis was inhibited the bacterial strains with the minimum inhibitory concentration of not less than 0.1ml (100¼l). The molecular weight of the crude protein was found from 12.2 to 74.2 kDa and the total protein content of phosphate buffer crude extract of Crassostrea madrasensis was found to be 312 ¼g/ mg. From, the results, the work has suggested to use this commercially available and protein rich (bactericidal) oyster in therapeutics for the development of novel antibiotics against multiple drug resistance (MDR) pathogenic microbes.