Sy n op sis Pure iron oxide briquettes, having dijJcrent grain size and porosity, indurated at different temperatures, were reduced with H 2 , CO alld mixtures Photo. 3. Pho tom icrog ra p h o f porous briq uette, 60% reduced w ith CO a t I 100°C (X I BOO) (x 4/S
SynopsisThe influence of alkalies on the blast furnace operation has been discussed from the data collected from the Iron and Steel Co., Helwan, Egypt. The stability of the alkali compounds formed in the blast furnace was calculated from the thermodynamic data. The model of alkali circulation in the different zones of the furnace, as a function of temperature is proposed. Statistical analysis of alkalies from the input and output materials was calculated and discussed. The effect of alkalies on the partition of manganese and sulphur as well as on the rate of coke consumption was investigated. The relations between the alkali loadings, the basicity and the efficiency of alkali removal by the slag were discussed. Mathematical relations between these different parameters were given and correlated.
Desulphurisation of chemically pure iron oxide briquettes well mixed with Ba35SO4, was followed radiometrically during firing or reduction within the temperature range 800–1200°C. Effective desulphurisation was observed during firing rather than reduction. The extent of dissociation of BaSO4 depends mainly on temperature and reaches about 99% at 1200°C. The results obtained were confirmed by studies on crushed ore and ore pellets. Fluxing of ore pellets with CaO retarded desulphurisation whereas the presence of small proportions of water vapour in the reducing gas enhanced sulphur removal.
Problems relating to the oxygen injection through the Electrogen Furnace shaft were studied to meet some of the heat requirements during reduction. Reduction was performed mainly in a small silica fluidized bed reactor with Aswan iron ore using pure hydrogen or hydrogen mixed with either steam or oxygen or both. Preliminary work using a tube furnace arrangement was useful in understanding the process and determining the working conditions in the fluidized bed reactor.The rate of reduction increased with temperature and hydrogen flow rate, but was retarded by the addition of steam and oxygen. However, in case of oxygen addition, the heat generated due to hydrogen-oxygen reaction counteracted the retarding effect.The rate of the hydrogen-oxygen reaction was found to increase with the O2 content but was retarded with the increase in the amount of steam present. The latter has a moderating effect on the explosion tendency of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture. This tendency increased with the oxygen content in the gas mixture and under the present experimental conditions no explosions occurred as long as the oxygen content was less than 15% of the hydrogen content. Heat generated was calculated theoretically and determined experimentally.
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