In view of the worldwide importance of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum and the limited data on the seroprevalence of these parasites in Egypt, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies in rabbits, cattle, and humans. We used ELISA methods based on surface antigen 2 of T. gondii (TgSAG2t) and surface antigen 1 of N. caninum (NcSAG1t). High seroprevalence of T. gondii (51.49%) was detected in pregnant women, and antibodies to N. caninum were also detected in human samples (7.92%). Anti-T. gondii or N. caninum antibodies were detected in cattle (TgSAG2t: 10.75%; NcSAG1t: 20.43%). In rabbits, only one sample was N. caninum positive (1.85%). The high prevalence of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in cattle affects the development of the livestock industry and is also an important infective source for human infection in Egypt.

Experiments were conducted on pure Fe203fines (-250 mesh) which were mixed with I , 2.5. 5 and I Pure, b)

The mechanism that most likely controlled the process COgas mixture). On the other hand, the swelling of (Fig. 5b)

SynopsisThe influence of alkalies on the blast furnace operation has been discussed from the data collected from the Iron and Steel Co., Helwan, Egypt. The stability of the alkali compounds formed in the blast furnace was calculated from the thermodynamic data. The model of alkali circulation in the different zones of the furnace, as a function of temperature is proposed. Statistical analysis of alkalies from the input and output materials was calculated and discussed. The effect of alkalies on the partition of manganese and sulphur as well as on the rate of coke consumption was investigated. The relations between the alkali loadings, the basicity and the efficiency of alkali removal by the slag were discussed. Mathematical relations between these different parameters were given and correlated.

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