Laboratory examination of blood smears from water buffaloes in an area of high fly challenge indicated an infection rate of 51.11 % caused by both Trypanosoma congolense and T. vivax. A similar study in cattle raised in a low fly challenge area showed an infection rate of 22.73% caused by T. congolense only. Diminazene aceturate administered as a single dose at 3.5 mg/kg body weight cured the infection in cattle, while a similar dose at 7 mg/kg body weight failed to cure the water buffaloes. Cattle were further protected by a single dose of isometamidium chloride administered at 0.5 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks of this study. On the other hand, isometamidium chloride administered at 1 mg/kg body weight cured transiently 90% of the infected water buffaloes and 10% persisted with a T. congolense infection. It was concluded that the lower dose rates approved by the manufacturers for the two trypanocides treated adequately infected cattle in a low challenge area, but such results were not achieved with the higher dose rates for infected water buffaloes in a high fly challenge area.Resume-L'examen de frottis sanguins de buffles (Bubalus bubalus) provenant d'une region fortement infestee de mouches tse-tse indique un taux d'infection de 51.11%, du a Trypanosoma congolense et T. vivax. Une etude similaire concernant les vaches dans une zone peu infestee montre un taux d'infection de 22.73%, cause par T. congolense uniquement. De l'aceturate de diminazene administre en une dose de 3.5 mg/kg de poids vif soigne l'infection des vaches, alors que les buffles ne sont pas soignes par une dose de 7 mg/kg. Les vaches ont ensuite ete protegees pendant 6 semaines grace a une dose unique de 0.5 mg/kg de chlorure d'isometamidium, tandis que cette meme drogue administree a raison de 1 mg/kg ne soignait transitoirement que 90% des buffles, les 10% restant presentant une infection a T. congolense. On peut done en conclure que les faibles doses recommandees par les fabricants pour chaque trypanocides sont adaptees a des vacnes exposes a de faibles infestations, mais non a des buffles vivant dans des zones lourdement infestees par les glossines.
Laboratory mice infected with a Trypanosoma congolense isolate of water-buffalo origin did not respond when treated with diminazene aceturate (Berenil, Hoechst, West Germany) at 3.5 mg/kg and 7 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) and also isometamidium chloride (Samorin, May & Baker, Dagenham, England) at doses less than 3 mg/kg b.wt. Effective cure was achieved with isometamidium and diminazene at 3 mg/kg and 14 mg/kg b.wt. respectively; doses in excess of those recommended for use in the field to treat animal trypanosomiasis by the manufacturers. Irregular use of the two drugs on infected waterbuffaloes while improperly restrained may be one of the factors responsible for the dual drug resistant T. congolense isolate emerging.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.