Background and objectives:Obesity and overweight is a growing pandemic affecting millions of adolescents in developed as well as developing countries. Obesity is associated with the onset of major chronic diseases leading to complications and also psychosocial problems in adolescents. The greater concern is that the risks of obesity during childhood will persist into adolescence and adulthood. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of being overweight and obesity and to study the associated risk factors.Materials and Methods:1900 adolescents in the age group of 10–19 years were included in the study. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire which included the variables such as going to school by bus or cycle, eating habits, playing video/computer games or outdoor games and sibling count were recorded. Body weight and height were recorded in subjects for calculating body mass index (BMI). International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) classification was used for the estimation of being overweight and obese.Results:The mean age of the study subjects was 14.84 years (SD = 2.81). Mean weight increased from 34.7 to 55.09 kg from the age group 10–13 to 17–19 years. Mean height also increased from 1.34 to 1.57 m from the age group 10–13 to 17–19 years. Similarly, the mean body mass index was 19.23 at 10–13 years, followed by 21.11 at 14–16 years and 22.46 at 17–19 years. On binary logistic regression analysis, female gender, bus as a mode of transport, not playing games, and single sibling were found to have independent association with prevalence of being overweight.

Objective: Smartphones have evolved from luxury to essential need items in general population nowadays. iOS by Apple, Android by Google, Windows by Microsoft and Blackberry account for the majority of smartphone operating system which are currently in use today. Materials and Methods: The present study was done among 350 students of medical, dental, nursing and physiotherapy streams to know the prevalence of smartphone use and attitude towards its use. Of the 350 students enrolled in the study, 257 completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 73.4%. Results: Out of 222, 198 had android devices, 13 had iPhones, and 11 had other operating systems including Windows and Blackberry. 191 (74.3%) of the subjects had a working email account. Conclusion: First year students have positive perception towards smartphone use and medical schools should encourage the use of medical applications among them. However, students and medical professionals should be cautious of the negative issues with smartphone use.

The present study explores the solvothermal synthesis of the Sn-Na MOF composed of stannatranone cages interconnected through Na bridges. The MOF was used as a catalytic support to hold palladium nanoparticles. The nanopalladium-decorated Sn-Na MOF (Pd NPs/Sn-Na MOF) was characterized by FTIR, PXRD, SEM, TEM, NH3-TPD, and XPS analysis. The resulting composite Pd NPs/Sn-Na MOF demonstrated catalytic activity for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), which is a promising material for the production of various value-added chemicals. The catalyst shows rapid conversion (in 3 h), recyclability (up to 5 cycles), and a high yield of 5-HMF (92.4%) in an aqueous medium without the formation of the side product levullinic acid. Further, the successful conversion of stale and rotten apples to 5-HMF using the developed protocol justifies the scope to convert agrowaste sugars to value-added products with appreciable yield.

Diethyl cyanophosphonate (DCNP), a simulant of Tabun, is a common pollutant in pharmaceutical waste and poses a high risk to living organisms. Herein, we demonstrate a compartmental ligand-derived trinuclear Zinc(II)...

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