Nanopalladium-Decorated Sn-Na MOF Catalyst for Upgrading Biosugars to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural in an Aqueous Medium

Abstract

The present study explores the solvothermal synthesis of the Sn-Na MOF composed of stannatranone cages interconnected through Na bridges. The MOF was used as a catalytic support to hold palladium nanoparticles. The nanopalladium-decorated Sn-Na MOF (Pd NPs/Sn-Na MOF) was characterized by FTIR, PXRD, SEM, TEM, NH3-TPD, and XPS analysis. The resulting composite Pd NPs/Sn-Na MOF demonstrated catalytic activity for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), which is a promising material for the production of various value-added chemicals. The catalyst shows rapid conversion (in 3 h), recyclability (up to 5 cycles), and a high yield of 5-HMF (92.4%) in an aqueous medium without the formation of the side product levullinic acid. Further, the successful conversion of stale and rotten apples to 5-HMF using the developed protocol justifies the scope to convert agrowaste sugars to value-added products with appreciable yield.

A Au nanoparticle anchored stannatranone-pillared MOF as a duo-active electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

“…The surface area and pore volume were found to be 144.635 m 2 g −1 and 6.8 × 10 −2 cm 3 g −1 , respectively which was quite high as compared to 6.996 m 2 g −1 and 5.9 × 10 −2 cm 3 g −1 for the Sn–Na MOF reported in our previous report. 44 The N 2 adsorption–desorption isotherm depicted the significant porosity of the Au NPs/Sn–Na MOF (Fig. 3a).…”

“…The tripodal ligand yielded distinctive ‘stannatranone’ cages, which further constructed a 3D molecular framework via Na linkages as reported earlier. 44 The single crystal analysis revealed that the Sn–Na MOF crystallized in centrosymmetric monoclinic space group C 2/ c . The unit cell of the Sn–Na MOF (Fig.…”

“…The relative pressure range from 0 to 0.45 displayed a pattern consistent with monolayer-multilayer adsorption, as observed in our earlier studies. 44 After the incorporation of gold nanoparticles, the surface area increased as the gold nanoparticles provided more surface sites for the adsorption of nitrogen. This suggested the presence of gold nanoparticles over the surface of the layers instead of entering inside the 3D cavities formed in the framework.…”

“…Stannatranone-based MOF Supports (Sn–Na MOF) were synthesized by the solvothermal approach described in our earlier report (Scheme 1) 44 and were further anchored with gold nanoparticles. Briefly, 100 mg of Sn–Na MOF was dispersed in 10 mL of distilled water.…”

Au nanoparticles confined in self-assembled Zn(ii) metal–organic cubane cages for light-driven conversion of furfural to 2-methyl furan in biofuel production

“…However, they require suitable support to work heterogeneously 11 as they undergo agglomeration and show decreased catalytic activity. 12 Earlier, some COFs, derived by reacting phenothiazine-based trialdehyde with 1,2-cyclohexanediamine 13 and benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde with 1,2-cyclohexanediamine, 14 and MOFs like Sn–Na MOF 15 and UiO-66 MOF 16 and multiwalled carbon nanotubes 17 have been reported as supports for holding noble metal nanoparticles. Self-assembled cages, macrocycles, polymers, and various other supramolecular structures derived from metallo-ligands constitute a prominent class with confined cavities inside the molecular frameworks and interactive functional sites.…”