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Increased male BMI has no effect on live birth success, but has an increased probability of giving birth to male singletons.

SummaryThis paper is a retrospective analysis of the sole transfer of monopronucleated zygotes (1PN) embryos both in in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to determine the value of transferring embryos formed from 1PN. In fresh cycles, 1PN cleavage-stage embryos (1PN cleavage fresh) were transferred. In frozen–thawed cycles, 1PN blastocyst-stage embryos (1PN blast frozen) were transferred. We used comparison groups: for fresh cycles, 2PN cleavage-stage embryos (2PN cleavage fresh) were transferred; and for frozen–thawed cycles, 2PN blastocyst-stage embryos (2PN blast frozen) were transferred. Comparison groups were matched for cycle and patient characteristics to the 1PN group. Finally, for fresh cycles, live birth rates (LBR) in the 1PN cleavage group were significantly lower than those in 2PN cleavage group, both for IVF [LBR = 7.64% vs. pregnancy rate (PR) = 22.12%, P = 0.003, respectively] and ICSI (LBR = 0% vs. LBR = 20.00%, P < 0.001, respectively). For frozen–thawed IVF cycles, the PR in the 1PN blastocyst group were comparable with those of the 2PN blastocyst group (1PN: LBR = 33.14% vs. 2PN: LBR = 37.24%, P = 0.289, respectively), while in ICSI, the PR in the 1PN blastocyst group were lower than those in the 2PN blastocyst group (LBR = 15.25% vs. LBR = 40.68%, P = 0.002, respectively). So, for IVF, blastocyst culture was capable of selecting normal 1PN embryos for transfer and achieves satisfying outcomes. However, for ICSI, blastocyst culture was not effective enough to eliminate abnormal embryos and 1PN embryo transfer needed to be treated with caution.

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An increasing number of infertile syphilis-infected individuals have turned to assisted reproductive technology; however, the safety of syphilis carrier serostatus on IVF and embryo transfer outcomes has not been evaluated. Data from 482 patients who delivered singletons were analysed. In the retrospective study, the rate of IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection fertilization was 79.50% ± 17.57%/78.72% ± 16.66% in the Treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay negative (TPPA-negative) and rapid plasma reagin negative (RPR-negative) group, 76.12% ± 22.99%/74.05% ± 20.31% in the TPPA-positive and RPR-negative group, and 75.66% ± 21.72%/70.90% ± 16.11% in the TPPA-positive and RPR-positive group. The clinical pregnancy rate was 39.79% in the TPPA-negative and RPR-negative group, 46.30% in the TPPA-positive and RPR-negative group, and 36.59% in the TPPA-positive and RPR-positive group. No significant differences were found between the groups. The neonatal gestational age and mean birth weight were not significantly different between the TPPA-negative and TPPA-positive groups. Multiple linear regression analysis also showed no association between TPPA serostatus and newborn birth weight and gestational age. The present retrospective study showed that TPPA and RPR serostatus did not affect the outcomes of IVF and embryo transfer. Syphilis-infected individuals can undergo IVF and embryo transfer cycles after penicillin treatment.

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Background The correlation between blastocyst quality and birthweight, neonatal outcomes is still controversial. There is a significantly higher male: female ratio among good quality blastocysts (advanced trophoderm morphology) but in the expansion degree, the significance for sex ratio is unclear. Methods A total of 617 and 6803 live singleton births resulting from the transfer of fresh and frozen-thawed single blastocysts in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Peking University Third Hospital from 2009 to 2020 were included. Live singleton births from fresh and frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer were stratified by inner cell mass/trophoderm morphology and degree of blastocoel expansion. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between expansion, inner cell mass/trophoderm morphology, and birthweight, Z score, gestational weeks. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between expansion, ICM/TE morphology and sex, neonatal outcomes. Results There was no significant correlation between birthweight, neonatal outcomes and blastocyst quality in fresh and frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles. However, the proportion of male infants in the hatched blastocyst (stage-6) group (67.9% vs. 54.2%; p < 0.001) [OR: 1.76 95% CI (1.34–2.32)] and hatching blastocyst (stage-5) group (61.7% vs. 54.2%; p = 0.001) [OR: 1.36 95 C.I (1.14ཞ1.62)] was significantly higher than that in the expanded blastocyst (stage-4) group. Conclusions The transfer of poor-quality blastocysts is unlikely to affect birthweight and neonatal health; however, transfer of stage-6 blastocysts can result in extremely skewed sex ratio.