Scope: The over-activation of the nucleotide-binding domain like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Chlorogenic acid (CGA) exposure is identified as an effective strategy for repressing inflammatory responses. Methods and results: In this study, the NLRP3 inflammasome model with LPS/ATP-induced RAW264.7 cells in vitro and dextran-sulfate-sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice are used to evaluate the effect of CGA on NLRP3 inflammasome-related signaling. The results suggest that CGA suppressed the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC), cysteine-requiring aspartate protease (Caspase)-1 p45, Caspase-1 p20, pro-/cleaved-interleukin (IL)-1 , pro-/cleaved-IL-18), p-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) protein, and miR-155 in mice with colitis. Gain-and loss-of-function studies of miR-155 are performed to elucidate its role in inflammation. Moreover, activation of the NF-B/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and miR-155 expression is investigated. CGA exposure in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells leads to a decrease in p-NK-B and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins, which is dependent on the downregulation of miR-155 expression. Conclusions: These findings indicate that CGA prevented colitis by downregulating miR-155 expression and inactivating the NF-B/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in macrophages. The current study has promising therapeutic implications in the treatment of UC.
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1,2,4-Triazole derivatives possess promising in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity, and many anticancer agents such as fluconazole, tebuconazole, triadimefon, and ribavirin bear a 1,2,4-triazole moiety, revealing their potential in the development of novel anticancer agents. This review emphasizes the recent advances in 1,2,4-triazole-containing compounds with anticancer potential, and the structure-activity relationships as well as mechanisms of action are also discussed.
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) possesses a wide variety of bioactive properties, such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-bacteria. This study was aimed at exploring the effects of CGA of anti-inflammation and anti-bacteria...
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