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This research introduces a method to directly detect serotonin in a single platelet through single-entity electrochemistry. Platelets isolated from human blood were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and current–time measurements. When a single platelet collides with an ultramicroelectrode, serotonin inside the platelet is oxidized at the electrode surface, and an anodic current peak is consequently observed during measurement. The concentration of serotonin can be determined by integrating this peak current. In addition, this method can be used to determine the platelet concentration. Analysis of the collision frequency of platelets can provide information about the platelet concentration in the blood. As a result, platelet levels and serotonin concentrations in single platelets can be measured quickly and easily.

We studied the electrochemical detection of single nanosized water emulsion droplets in organic solution using the electrochemical collision technique on an ultramicroelectrode (UME). In this experiment, the detection system for water droplets does not require any kind of redox species in organic solvent. Only water molecules in the water droplets were considered. When water droplets collided with the UME surface, anodic current spikes were observed in the chronoamperometry, resulting from the electrolysis of water molecules in the water droplets. From the collision frequency and integrated current spike, concentrations and size distributions of water droplets in organic solvent can be determined.

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