Background
The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria in dogs with otitis externa has led to a need for novel therapeutic agents.
Hypothesis/Objective
To examine the antibacterial effects of manuka oil combined with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid–tromethamine (Tris‐EDTA) against Gram‐negative bacteria isolates from dogs with otitis externa.
Methods and materials
A total of 53 clinical isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using disk diffusion; the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of manuka essential oil, with or without Tris‐EDTA, were investigated.
Results
A total of 44 isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 19 strains were multidrug‐resistant, with resistance to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial classes. The MICs and MBCs of manuka oil alone were ≥1% (v/v) and ≥2% (v/v), respectively. There was no antimicrobial effect of Tris‐EDTA (1.125:0.3 mg/mL) without manuka oil. However, the combination of manuka oil with Tris‐EDTA significantly decreased the MICs (ranging from 0.06% to 0.5%, v/v; P < 0.001) and MBCs (ranging from 0.06% to 1%, v/v; P < 0.001). There also was no significant difference between multidrug‐resistant and nonresistant bacterial isolates in terms of the antimicrobial activity of manuka oil with Tris‐EDTA.
Conclusions and clinical importance
The study findings suggest that manuka oil, especially when combined with Tris‐EDTA, may be a promising alternative therapeutic option for Gram‐negative otic pathogens. Clinical studies are needed to assess potential for in vivo ototoxic effects and efficacy.
Background
Reports of canine pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) are uncommon in the veterinary literature. Rarer still are cases describing dogs with both skin lesions and internal organ involvement.
Objective
To describe a case of canine PG with skin and internal organ involvement.
Animals
A client‐owned dog.
Methods and materials
Complete blood count, serum chemistry, C‐reactive protein and SNAP cPL tests, and abdominal ultrasonography and fine‐needle aspiration of the spleen were performed.
Results
The dog was treated with oral prednisolone and ciclosporin. After three months of therapy, ultrasonography revealed normalization of the spleen and resolution of skin lesions.
Conclusion and clinical importance
Dogs with skin lesions compatible with PG should be screened carefully for internal organ involvement. Ciclosporin may be a useful treatment for the immediate and long‐term management of canine PG.
Background
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a new generation medical therapeutic option for bacterial infections. CAP causes physical cell wall rupture and DNA damage, therefore making it highly useful in the treatment of various conditions such as skin infections.
Hypothesis/objectives
The antimicrobial activity of cold atmospheric microwave plasma (CAMP) against major strains in canine skin infections was tested and the difference in antimicrobial activity between the antibiotic‐resistant and antibiotic‐susceptible strains of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was evaluated.
Methods and materials
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and clinical isolates identified as methicillin‐resistant S. pseudintermedius (n = 27) and methicillin‐susceptible S. pseudintermedius (n = 13) were exposed to CAMP for 10 s, 30 s and 60 s. Afterwards, the bacterial survival rate was confirmed.
Results
Gram‐negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) were more susceptible than Gram‐positive bacteria (S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius) for the same duration of CAMP exposure. Only the Gram‐negative bacteria were completely killed after 60 s exposure. In S. pseudintermedius isolates, CAMP exposure had similar antibacterial effects regardless of antibiotic resistance.
Conclusions and clinical importance
CAMP has sufficient antimicrobial activity against major bacterial strains that cause pyoderma and otitis externa in dogs, and may be an alternative therapeutic option for S. pseudintermedius skin infections, for which antibiotics often are ineffective because of antimicrobial resistance in clinical veterinary medicine.
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