Flexible electronics is an emerging and promising technology for next generation of optoelectronic devices. Herein, hierarchical three-dimensional ZnCo(2)O(4) nanowire arrays/carbon cloth composites were synthesized as high performance binder-free anodes for Li-ion battery with the features of high reversible capacity of 1300-1400 mAh g(-1) and excellent cycling ability even after 160 cycles with a capacity of 1200 mAh g(-1). Highly flexible full batteries were also fabricated, exhibiting high flexibility, excellent electrical stability, and superior electrochemical performances.

Ether solvent is utilized to manipulate the SEI on high specific surface area carbon to enable achievement of superb sodium storage performance.

This work provides a thorough overview of state of the art of stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and covers important degradation issues involved in this technology. Degradation factors, which are reported in the literature affecting the stability of PSCs, are discussed. Several degradation mechanisms resulting from thermal and chemical instabilities, phase transformations, exposure to visible and UV light, moisture and oxygen 2 and most importantly sealing issues are thoroughly analyzed. Methods are suggested to study most of these degradation mechanisms in a systematic way. In addition, environmental assessment of PSCs is briefly covered. Alternative materials and their preparation methods are screened with respect to stability of the device. Overall, this work contributes in developing better understanding of the degradation mechanisms and help in improving overall stability of the PSCs.

BHJ) structure. [ 9 ] The BHJ requires delicate tailoring of n-and p-particles in order to avoid the electronic short-circuit problem and make fuel cell function properly. [ 9 ] Hereby, we introduce the different Schottky junction type FC confi guration by means of combined nano and composite approach that is even simpler and more effective than EFFC.In a Schottky junction (SJ) FC device, a potential can be built up simply at the interface between a metal and an n-or p-type semiconductor, which is also termed as the Schottky barrier. [ 10 ] Based on this principle and making use of the depletion layer formed between the metal and the semiconductor, different types of Schottky junction devices have been demonstrated, such as solar cells and sensors. [11][12][13][14][15][16] One well-known function of SJ is to separate electrons/holes pairs by building up internal device voltage. Moreover, it has been reported that a Schottky junction formed between mesoporous n-TiO 2 semiconductor thin fi lm and a thin metal layer (such as Pt, Cu, Co, etc.) at anode/catalysts can effectively enhance the decomposition of aqueous biomass fuel solutions in combination with an O 2 -reducing cathode in a direct biomass fuel cell. [ 17,18 ] In this paper, we show that a SJ can be applied to ceramic FCs by using a composite of ionic and semiconducting materials to combine both semiconducting and ionic transporting properties, resulting in Schottky junction FC devices.Electrochemical reactions converting fuels, e.g., hydrogen into electricity through a FC is, to a high degree, affected by the quality of the ion-conducting electrolyte, which separates the anode and cathode to avoid short-circuit, [19][20][21] and brings about complex three-component (anode/electrolyte/cathode) confi guration as well. [ 22 ] The principle of SJ FC, based on a metal-semiconductor confi guration, is illustrated in Figure 1 . Different from the conventional FC device, i.e., instead of utilizing the electrolyte separator, the built-in fi eld and the barrier of the SJ serves the function of blocking electrons or holes from crossing the metal/semiconductor interface to the opposite side, resulting in no short-circuit of the device. The metal/ p-type semiconductor junction is favored because the builtin fi eld is directed from the metal surface to the p-type material, which can facilitate the ion transportation of H + (or O 2− ) crossing the metal/semiconductor-ionic material interface through ionic conductor at the same time, as shown in Figure 1 with corresponding energy band diagram schemes.The SJ FC was constructed from a hybrid oxygen-protonconducting material Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 1.9 -Na 2 CO 3 (NSDC) [ 23 ] and p-type semiconducting materials Co-Li codoped NiO (LiNi 0.85 Co 0.15 O 2-δ , LCN for short), [ 24,25 ] in a weight ratio of 60:40 forming a composite (NSDC-LCN) ( Figure S1,The fi rst fuel cell (FC) invented by Grove in 1839 [ 1 ] was an electrochemical device by using a confi guration comprised of an anode, an electrolyte, and a cathode. Building on this...

Aqueous rechargeable Zn–MnOx batteries are very attractive due to their low‐cost and high energy density. However, Mn(III) disproportionation and Jahn–Teller distortion can induce Mn(II) dissolution and irreversible phase changes, greatly deteriorating the cycling life. Herein, a multi‐valence cobalt‐doped Mn3O4 (Co‐Mn3O4) with high capacity and reversibility, which lies in the multiple roles of the various states of doped cobalt, is reported. The Co2+ doping between the phase change product δ‐MnO2 layer acts as a “structural pillar,” and the Co4+ in the layer can increase the conductivity of Mn4+ and hold the high specific capacity. More importantly, Co ion (Co2+, Co3+) doping can effectively inhibit the Jahn–Teller effect in discharge products and promote ion diffusion. Using X‐ray absorption spectra results and density functional theory modelling, the multiple roles of doped cobalt are verified. Specifically, the Co‐Mn3O4 cathode shows high specific capacity of 362 mAh g–1 and energy density of 463.1 Wh kg–1 at 100 mA g–1. After 1100 cycles at 2.0 A g–1, the capacity retention rate reaches 80%. This work brings a new idea and approach to the design of highly reversible Mn‐based oxides cathode materials for Zn‐ion batteries.

An FTO/ZnO-nanorod/CH3NH3PbI3/MoO3/Au photodetector exhibited high performance and can achieve self-powered, broadband light detection, high detectivity and responsivity, robust and high stability.

Water corrosion and dendrite growth seriously break the zinc plating/stripping process at the electrolyte/anode interface, causing the instability of the zinc metal anode of aqueous zinc batteries. Herein, a self‐consistent hydrophobic interface and orderly channels are assembled by three quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants, which can block the water erosion. Of particular interest, experimental results combined with theoretical calculation (DFT) reveals that the hydrophobic groups in quaternary ammonium cations are the determinaning factor in the kinetic process of zinc ion deposition and the life of the zinc anode. The massive micelles formed by benzyldimethyldodecylammonium with dodecyl and benzyl groups cause great hindrance to the transport and deposition of zinc ions. And dodecyltrimethylammonium with only a main hydrophobic group of dodecyl results in the higher polarization overpotential or voltage hysteresis for the zinc plating and lower coulombic efficiency (CE) < 99%. Surprisingly, the hydrophobic interface assembled by benzyltrimethylammonium (TMBA+) with a main benzyl group can inhibit side reactions and regulate zinc uniform deposition. And the batteries based on TMBA+ can achieve superb cycle stability with low voltage hysteresis and almost 100% CE. The proposed hydrophobic interface formed by quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants establishes pioneering work on zinc anode stability for zinc batteries and beyond.

No abstract