PSS interlayer with photovoltaic parameters of VOC = 0.85 V, JSC = 16.37 mA/cm(2), and FF = 0.74, corresponding to a PCE of 10.27%. Additionally, we had applied a UV-assisted process to polymerize the VB-DAAF film at relatively lower temperature and fabricate decent perovskite-based solar cells on the flexible substrate for real applications.

The role of poly(ethylene oxide) polymer is investigated as an effective buffer with Al electrodes to markedly improve the electrode interface and enhance the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and the power conversion efficiency (PCE, η) of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)‐based bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells. A unique process is developed by thermally co‐evaporating the poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (PEGDE, Mn ca. 2000) polymer with Al metal simultaneously at different ratios in vacuum (10−6 Torr) to prepare the electrode buffers. The instant formation of a carbide‐like junction at the ethylene oxide/Al interface during the thermal evaporation is of essential importance to the extraction of electrons through the Al electrode. The performance of P3HT:PCBM‐based solar cells can be optimized by modulating the co‐evaporation ratios of the PEGDE polymer with Al metal due to the changes in the work functions of the electrodes. The VOC and η for devices fabricated with Al electrode are 0.44 V and 1.64%, respectively, and significantly improve to 0.58 V and 4.00% when applying the PEGDE:Al(2:1)/Al electrode. This research leads to a novel electrode design – free of salts, additives, complicated syntheses, and having tunable work function – for fabricating high‐performance photovoltaic cells.

This study presents a novel technology to manipulate micro-particles with the assistance from flexible polymer-based optically-induced dielectrophoretic (ODEP) devices. Bending the flexible ODEP devices downwards or upwards to create convex or concave curvatures, respectively, enables the more effective separation or collection of micro-particles with different diameters. The travel distances of the polystyrene beads of 40 μm diameter, as induced by the projected light in a given time period was increased by ~100%, which were 43.0 ± 5.0 and 84.6 ± 4.0 μm for flat and convex ODEP devices, respectively. A rapid separation or collection of micro-particles can be achieved with the assistance of gravity because the falling polystyrene beads followed the inclination of the downward and upward bent ODEP devices.

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