Background Periodontitis and osteoporosis are most popular among aging population and both conditions might be linked, even though, this suggestion still until now debated. Objectives A meta‐analysis on previous investigations has been used to evaluate the correlation between periodontitis and osteoporosis to determine whether osteoporosis is a local indicator of bone loss, or whether it is depending on or related to periodontitis causes. Methods The literature database, including but not excluding, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Science Citation Index Expanded, was searched in this work during Feb, 2020. We conducted the investigations contain cohort studies, cross‐sectional studies, as well as case–control studies with relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and Sensitivity analysis were also applied to identify heterogeneity sources. Results 23 observational studies with 12 cohorts, 7 cross‐sectional and 4 case–control studies, were included, together with 2,157,037 participants. Osteoporosis patients were more exposed to periodontitis (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.50–2.54). Subgroup analyses showed that the higher risk of osteoporosis in periodontitis patients exists in both cross‐sectional studies (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.80–2.61) and case–control studies (OR 2.63; 95% CI, 1.69–4.09), and marginally in cohort studies (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.16–2.49). Conclusion Review analyses have shown that osteoporosis is closely related to the increased risk of periodontitis in the future. Dental specialists better to understand the potential association between periodontitis and osteoporosis.
Dental restorative materials are widely used to repair teeth and dentition defects. However, the dental restorative materials tend to react with oral bacteria when they are exposed to oral conditions, which leads to a change in the oral microecology. Herein, we have employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the interaction between different dental restorative materials and oral bacteria. It was found that the staphylococcal protein A (SPA) is more likely to attach on the surface of silicon carbide (SiC) substrate than hematite (Fe2O3) substrate surface. Furthermore, the tightly adhesion and accumulation of SPA on SiC surface changes the molecular structure of SPA, which will induce a change in the oral microecology. This study has demonstrated that the adhesion and molecular structure of oral bacteria is strongly dependent on dental restorative materials by molecular dynamics simulations, and Fe2O3 is more suitable to be a dental restorative material. It is therefore believed that molecular dynamics simulations can be used to further screen suitable materials for oral rehabilitation.
Pedicle screw loosening or pullout has occurred from time to time in patients with poor bone quality. However, there have been no rigorous mechanical analysis of the pullout process, and the resistance region to pullout force remains under-investigated. The objective of the current study was to investigate the stress state of cancellous resistance to pullout in normal and osteoporotic conditions using plane finite element method. The pull-out model was simplified to a simpler two dimensional axisymmetric model by symmetry. A prescribed axial displacement of 2 mm was imposed on the screw head and a fixed boundary condition was set on edge nodes of the bone to simulate the pullout process. The results of numerical simulation showed that the high-stress area of normal bone was clearly larger than that of osteoporotic bone, and the normal bone provided the higher pullout force of 86.09 N, which was about 3 times than that for osteoporotic bone. From the study it was found that osteoporosis would diminish the active region of resistance to pullout around the screw and decrease the pullout strength about threefold. The results of the current study can be used for screw augmentation techniques.
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