Associations between osteoporosis and risk of periodontitis: A pooled analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Background Periodontitis and osteoporosis are most popular among aging population and both conditions might be linked, even though, this suggestion still until now debated. Objectives A meta‐analysis on previous investigations has been used to evaluate the correlation between periodontitis and osteoporosis to determine whether osteoporosis is a local indicator of bone loss, or whether it is depending on or related to periodontitis causes. Methods The literature database, including but not excluding, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Science Citation Index Expanded, was searched in this work during Feb, 2020. We conducted the investigations contain cohort studies, cross‐sectional studies, as well as case–control studies with relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and Sensitivity analysis were also applied to identify heterogeneity sources. Results 23 observational studies with 12 cohorts, 7 cross‐sectional and 4 case–control studies, were included, together with 2,157,037 participants. Osteoporosis patients were more exposed to periodontitis (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.50–2.54). Subgroup analyses showed that the higher risk of osteoporosis in periodontitis patients exists in both cross‐sectional studies (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.80–2.61) and case–control studies (OR 2.63; 95% CI, 1.69–4.09), and marginally in cohort studies (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.16–2.49). Conclusion Review analyses have shown that osteoporosis is closely related to the increased risk of periodontitis in the future. Dental specialists better to understand the potential association between periodontitis and osteoporosis.

Role of Interleukin-17A in the Pathomechanisms of Periodontitis and Related Systemic Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

“…Xu et al. showed that osteoporosis is closely related to the increased risk of occuring periodontitis ( 118 ). Women with postmenopausal osteoporosis treated with estrogen had a lower risk of severe periodontitis than untreated controls ( 119 ).…”

Screening of crosstalk and pyroptosis-related genes linking periodontitis and osteoporosis based on bioinformatics and machine learning

“…Previous studies showed that OP was associated with the loss of alveolar bone (4,5), which could impact the progression of PD and was considered an independent risk factor for the prognosis of PD (6). Also, a recent meta-analysis pointed out that patients with PD were at a higher risk of developing OP (7). Evidence suggests that the two diseases are somehow related and can affect each other.…”

Extracellular vesicles derived from the periodontal pathogen Filifactor alocis induce systemic bone loss through Toll‐like receptor 2

“…Periodontitis is also associated with systemic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, oral and colorectal carcinoma, pregnancy complications, pneumonia, and diabetes (Hajishengallis & Chavakis, 2021 ). Clinical studies have suggested that periodontitis is closely associated with osteoporosis and osteopenia, which are systemic skeletal diseases characterized by reduced bone mineral density (Passos et al., 2013 ; Xu et al., 2021 ). Compared to healthy individuals, patients with osteoporosis showed a twofold higher risk of periodontitis (Manjunath et al., 2019 ).…”