Role of Interleukin-17A in the Pathomechanisms of Periodontitis and Related Systemic Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and destructive disease caused by periodontal microbial infection and mediated by host immune response. As the main cause of loosening and loss of teeth in adults, it is considered to be one of the most common and serious oral diseases in the world. The co-existence of periodontitis and systemic chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and so on is very common. It has been found that interleukin-17A (IL-17A) secreted by various innate and adaptive immune cells can activate a series of inflammatory cascade reactions, which mediates the occurrence and development of periodontitis and related systemic chronic inflammatory diseases. In this work, we review the role of IL-17A in the pathomechanisms of periodontitis and related systemic chronic inflammatory diseases, and briefly discuss the therapeutic potential of cytokine targeted agents that modulate the IL-17A signaling. A deep understanding of the possible molecular mechanisms in the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases will help dentists and physicians update their clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas.

Effect of interleukin‐17 on periodontitis development: An instrumental variable analysis

“…Our results indicate that higher levels of IL-17 are inversely related to periodontitis risk. The present study, along with previous research, 30,31 implies that IL-17 plays a protective role in initial periodontal disease development. Studies in individuals with defects in the IL-17/Th17 pathway have shown that IL-17 is vital to counter Candida albicans infections 9 and IL-17R mediates host defense against Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced bone loss.…”

Gut-joint axis: Gut dysbiosis can contribute to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis via multiple pathways

“…Th17 mainly secrete IL-17 and IL-22 and intervenes in developing chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including RA (Feng et al, 2022). IL-17A is a potent inducer of matrix metalloproteinases, recruits neutrophils to the joint, and stimulates osteoclastogenesis resulting in cartilage and bone destruction (Amdekar et al, 2013;Pineda et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2015;du Teil Espina et al, 2019;Huang et al, 2019;Marazzato et al, 2022).…”

Interleukin‐37 ameliorates periodontitis development by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating M1/M2 macrophage polarization

“…1 Severe periodontitis can eventually lead to loosening and loss of teeth, which seriously affects people's quality of life. 2 Elimination of pathogens and re-establishment of normal oral flora have been the focus of periodontitis treatment. 3 The primary standard treatment methods for periodontitis are scaling and subgingival scraping to thoroughly remove plaque and calculus from the gums and control the inflammation of the gums.…”

“…Periodontitis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disorder featured by gingival inflammation and alveolar bone resorption, initiated by plaque biofilm, and promoted by various environmental and genetic factors 1 . Severe periodontitis can eventually lead to loosening and loss of teeth, which seriously affects people's quality of life 2 . Elimination of pathogens and re‐establishment of normal oral flora have been the focus of periodontitis treatment 3 .…”