There has been a search for alternative natural product-containing formulations that should be effective in inhibiting adherence of yeasts to the surfaces of materials and also able to treat oral fungal infections. Further trials could make these products an alternative to chemical removal of peri-implant biofilm.

The anti-Candida activity of essential oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, as well as its effect on the roughness and hardness of the acrylic resin used in dental prostheses, was assessed. The safety and tolerability of the test product were assessed through a phase I clinical trial involving users of removable dentures. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) were determined against twelve Candida strains. Acrylic resin specimens were exposed to artificial saliva (GI), C. zeylanicum (GII), and nystatin (GIII) for 15 days. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey posttest (α = 5%). For the phase I clinical trial, 15 healthy patients used solution of C. zeylanicum at MIC (15 days, 3 times a day) and were submitted to clinical and mycological examinations. C. zeylanicum showed anti-Candida activity, with MIC = 625.0 µg/mL being equivalent to MFC. Nystatin caused greater increase in roughness and decreased the hardness of the material (P < 0.0001), with no significant differences between GI and GII. As regards the clinical trial, no adverse clinical signs were observed after intervention. The substance tested had a satisfactory level of safety and tolerability, supporting new advances involving the clinical use of essential oil from C. zeylanicum.

Apple cider vinegar showed antifungal properties against Candida spp., thus representing a possible therapeutic alternative for patients with denture stomatitis.

BackgroundGiven the high prevalence of oral candidiasis and the restricted number of antifungal agents available to control infection, this study investigated the in vitro antifungal activity of alcohol vinegar on Candida spp. and its effect on the physical properties of acrylic resins.MethodsTests to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of vinegar alcohol (0.04 g/ml of acetic acid) and nystatin (control) were performed. The antifungal activity of alcohol vinegar was assessed through microbial growth kinetic assays and inhibition of Candida albicans adhesion to acrylic resin at different intervals of time. Surface roughness and color of the acrylic resin were analyzed using a roughness meter and color analyzer device.ResultsAlcohol vinegar showed MIC75% and MFC62.5% of 2.5 mg/ml, with fungicidal effect from 120 min, differing from nystatin (p < 0.0001), which showed fungistatic effect. Alcohol vinegar caused greater inhibition of C. albicans adhesion to the acrylic resin (p ≤ 0.001) compared to nystatin and did not change the roughness and color parameters of the material.ConclusionAlcohol vinegar showed antifungal properties against Candida strains and caused no physical changes to the acrylic resin.

_______________________________________________________________ RESUMODevido todas as limitações encontradas para estabelecer a identidade humana em casos complexos e com a grande popularização das fotografias digitais, especialmente com o uso dos smartphones, a análise do sorriso como método principal ou auxiliar de identificação humana torna-se de grande importância para a rotina pericial. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em busca de relatos de casos periciais que utilizaram imagens fotográficas antemortem do sorriso, como método comparativo. Constatou-se que o estabelecimento da identidade de um indivíduo desaparecido por meio de registros fotográficos de sorriso antemortem é um método viável para as Ciências Forenses, sendo realizado através de comparação direta ou da sobreposição computadorizada das imagens obtidas ante e pós-morte, constituindo ferramenta importante para a identificação humana.

Introdução: Calibração é um processo metodológico que garante a reprodutibilidade observacional dos dados coletados pelo examinador, sendo, portanto, essencial em estudos de identificação humana. Objetivo: Demonstrar a importância do processo de calibração como parte dos procedimentos necessários a uma pesquisa queiloscópica (técnica de identificação através dos lábios). Material e método: Foram coletadas 20 impressões labiais, sendo a mesma dividida em oito subquadrantes, classificando-se o padrão sulcular (I -vertical completo; I' -vertical incompleto; II -bifurcados; IIIentrecruzados; IV -reticulares e V -indefinidos). As impressões foram analisadas em dois momentos (intervalo de 8 dias) para medir a concordância por meio da estatística Kappa. Resultados: Os resultados indicaram concordância insatisfatória, sendo necessário repetir o processo com 20 impressões distintas. Na primeira calibração, obtiveram-se valores de Kappa entre 0,65 à 0,87 com concordância satisfatória (boa à perfeita) em sete das oito regiões analisadas. Apenas um subquadrante obteve Kappa regular (0,54). Na segunda calibração, todos os subquadrantes apresentaram valores de concordância boa à perfeita (0,75 à 1,00) existindo melhora de 75%. Conclusão: A Queiloscopia é uma técnica que exige atenção no quesito da classificabilidade, uma vez que a minuciosidade dos sulcos e subjetividade de predominância requerem calibração efetiva para que a confiabilidade da pesquisa seja mantida.

Aim: To investigate the existence of sexual dimorphism between the first and second permanent molars. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational, blind study using comparative and statistical descriptive procedures. The sample included 50 pairs of plaster casts from undergraduate dental students (25 men/25 women) from the Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa/PB, Brazil, aged 20-26 years. Odontometric measurements of first and second maxillary/mandibular, right/ left permanent molars were performed. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual/palatal (BL/BP) widths and the distance between the lingual cusps of corresponding molars in opposite quadrants, were measured. The data were analyzed by Student's t test and ANOVA with Bonferroni (p≤0.05). Results: The crowns of all first molars were statistically larger in men than in women (p<0.05). Maxillary and mandibular left second molars (#27 and #37) did not differ in their MD widths (p=0.66, p=0.75), whereas mandibular left and right second molars (#37 and #47) showed statistically different BL widths (p=0.007 and p=0.008). As to the distance between the lingual cusps, only the first left-to-right mandibular molars (#36-46) showed no sex dimorphism (p=0.107). Conclusions: Molars are larger in males than in females. Individually, first molars demonstrated higher evidence of sex distinction than second molars.

This study aimed to investigate cheiloscopic patterns among monozygotic twins (MT), non-twin siblings (NTS) and unrelated individuals (UI). The sample consisted of 20 pairs of monozygotic twins (G1), 20 pairs of non-twin siblings (G2) and 20 pairs of unrelated individuals (G3). Lip thickness, commissures and grooves were evaluated and the latter were classified as: I -clear-cut vertical grooves; I' -incomplete vertical grooves; II -branched grooves; III -intersecting; IV -reticular grooves and V -undetermined, in 8 labial regions (sub-quadrants). The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with a 5% significance level. Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) and Kappa coefficient, with a 95% confidence interval, were employed to check for agreement rates between G1, G2 and G3 pairs. There was a weak correlation for lip thickness (<0.90) in the total group, with higher values in G1 (CCC from 0.25 to 0.83 and from 0.34 to 0.86, upper and lower lips, respectively), followed by G2 (CCC from -0.03 to 0.70 and from -0.21 to 0.62, upper and lower lips, respectively) and G3 (CCC from -0.25 to 0.56 and from -0.38 to 0.34, upper and lower lips, respectively). With regard to labial commissures, Kappa statistic values were found to be 1.00 for G1, 0.45 for G2 and -0.24 for G3. As for the main groove pattern by sub-quadrant, Kappa values ranged from 0.48 to 0.87 for G1, from 0.17 to 0.59 for G2, and from -0.18 to 0.19 for G3. Monozygotic twins presented a relevant percentage of cheiloscopic agreements. Similarities were also found among NTS, while UI showed greater differences compared to their pairs, highlighting the influence of hereditary relationships on inherited cheiloscopic features.