El impacto del Covid-19 ha supuesto una brusca paralización del turismo generando incertidumbre a nivel internacional. En este marco, el último periodo de auge del sector, correspondiente a la recuperación económica en 2012 y la abrupta nueva recesión en 2020, supone un periodo privilegiado para examinar los impactos del turismo en los centros urbanos. Este trabajo analiza la relación entre procesos sociodemográficos y el alquiler turístico en el último periodo de auge del turismo, tomando como caso de estudio los centros históricos de dos ciudades andaluzas de marcado carácter turístico: Sevilla y Cádiz. El análisis se fundamenta en los datos sociodemográficos suministrados por el Censo de población y vivienda y el Padrón de habitantes, junto a información de alquileres suministrados por distintas fuentes. Como resultado, el trabajo demuestra estadísticamente la relación de la distribución de los alquileres turísticos con varios procesos sociodemográficos y su influencia en la pérdida de población.
Intensive tourism in historic city centers is causing socio-spatial effects that are already visible to society. This has led politicians and academics to focus on the issue, creating a debate about gentrification in certain central urban areas which overlaps with studies on touristification, understood by some authors as tourism gentrification. This article aims to identify whether socio-demographic changes identifiable as touristification have occurred in the historic centers of two Andalusian cities, Seville and Cádiz, and which we interpret as the replacement of residents with visitors. The work is based primarily on the exploratory analysis of socio-demographic data from the Population Register and data on housing and rentals provided by different sources. The work shows strong indications of a relationship between the increase of tourist apartments and losses of residents in both historic centers. The paper concludes by pointing to the need for further research on this relationship in public statistics that can guide future policy action.
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