Background: Plasmodium falciparum, one of the causative agents of malaria, has high adaptability through mutation and is resistant to many types of anti-malarial drugs. This study presents an in vitro assessment of the antiplasmodial activity of some phenolic compounds isolated from plants of the genus Allanblackia. Methods: Tests were performed on well plates filled with a fixed parasitized erythrocytes volume. Compounds to be tested were then added in wells. After incubation, tritiated hypoxanthine is added and the plates were returned to the incubator. After thawing, the nucleic acids are collected. Inhibitory Concentration 50 (IC50) was determined by linear interpolation. Results: From Allanblackia floribunda, have been isolated and characterized 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone 1, macluraxanthone 4, morelloflavone 9, Volkensiflavone 10 and morelloflavone 7-O-glucoside 11; from Allanblackia monticola, α-mangosine 2, rubraxanthone 3, allaxanthone C 5, norcowanine 6 , tovophiline A 7, allaxanthone B 8 and from Allanblackia gabonensis, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone 1. Six of them were evaluated for their antimalarial properties. The most active compound, macluraxanthone, presented a very interesting activity, with an IC50 of 0.36 and 0.27 µg/mL with the F32 and FcM29 strains respectively. Conclusion: This work confirms that species of Allanblackia genus are medicinally important plants containing many biologically active compounds that can be used effectively as antiplasmodial.
The phytochemical study of the stem bark of Allanblackia gabonensis has resulted in the isolation and characterization of one new xanthone derivative, named allanxanthone D, together with ten known compounds, including six xanthone derivatives, allanxanthone A, 1,5-dihydroxyxanthone, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone, forbexanthone, 6-deoxyisojacareubin, one polyisoprenylated benzophenone, guttiferone F, one flavanol, epicathechin, two phytosterols, β-sitosterol, and campesterol. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of one-and two-dimensional NMR homo-and heteronuclear evidence. These compounds were evaluated for their activity against Leishmania amazonensis in vitro and antimicrobial activities against a range of Gramnegative and Gram-positive bacteria.
In addition to the two known compounds neotautenol [2] and erythrinassinate B [4], two new compounds, an isoflavanone named sigmoidin J [1] and a coumestan derivative named sigmoidin K [3], have been isolated and characterized from the root bark of the Cameroonian medicinal plant Erythrina sigmoidea. Their structures have been established as 7, 4'-dihydroxy-2',5'-dimethoxy-6'(gamma, gamma-dimethylally)isoflavanone [1] and 3,9-dihydroxy-2,10-(gamma, gamma dimethylallyl) coumestan [3], respectively, by spectroscopic techniques and from chemical evidence.
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