La batalla por las ideas en tiempos posideológicos: Adaptaciones y permanencias ideológicas en la nueva centroderecha chilena 2 En palabras del ideólogo del
14/18Revista de Sociologia e Política v. 27, n. 70 La batalla por las ideas en tiempos posideológicos 15/18
Este artículo muestra que la dicotomía «lo nuevo» versus «lo viejo» resulta insuficiente para aprehender las continuidades y rupturas entre las viejas y nuevas formaciones políticas de derecha en Chile. La actual centroderecha chilena es más compleja, sus adaptaciones ideológicas recientes revelan una mayor diversificación de sus sensibilidades internas. Una encuesta representativa de los estratos dirigentes de la actual coalición gobernante Chile Vamos da cuenta de ello. Hoy, la sensibilidad mayoritaria del sector es puesta en tela de juicio por quienes sustentan posiciones más afines a una mayor intervención del Estado; y algunos de los principales protagonistas de esta batalla son las autoridades subnacionales, lo que traslada la disputa territorial al interior de la coalición de gobierno. Así, lo nuevo en esta centroderecha posee diferentes aristas: desde una renovación en ciertas posiciones valóricas a la revitalización de una sensibilidad pro-Estado impulsada por líderes subnacionales.
What accounts for the consolidation of party organisations? The specialised literature has stressed the importance of institutions in shaping the ways in which political parties organise. However, little attention has been paid to the role of federalism. We argue that in federal settings, party territorial organisational strategies condition their capacity to become consolidated parties. We illustrate our theory with an analysis of the development of conservative parties in Argentina and Mexico to explain their different levels of consolidation.
Citizen protests are common political phenomena, ranging in size, kind, and impact. This essay focuses on a unique kind of citizen protest that reaches a crisis threshold: massive uprisings accompanied by violence and system-level critiques, expressed in phrases such as “It is not 30 cents, it is 30 years,” used by protesters in Chile in 2019–20. Crises meeting this definition have occurred in countries as diverse as Iceland in 2009, Hong Kong in 2019, Chile, and Colombia in 2019–21. In contrast with economic crises (Strolovitch 2013), protesters—not necessarily elites—perform the discursive work of (re)interpreting material and political conditions. Protesters’ framing of their grievances may overwhelm elite attempts to reinterpret these crises for their benefit. We argue that protest-driven crises can alter gendered opportunity structures, but outcomes are likely multifaceted and potentially contradictory.
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