Science ouverte/Open science : Regards croisés sur la transmission de la science, ses engagements, ses innovations et ses risques
Résilience communautaire et participation paysanne à l'évaluation des risques à Madagascar : importance de l'approche participativeCommunity resilience and peasant participation in risk assessment in Madagascar : importance of the participatory approach Resiliencia comunitaria y participación campesina en la evaluación de riesgos en Madagascar : importancia del enfoque participativo
This article analyzes the role of social links on a community resilience and development, the study is presenting the rural community of Ambaro-Bekibo in southeastern coast of Madagascar. From the literature perspective, a resilient community is capable to organize itself so as to be able to overcome the various hazards or disasters which could strike, and then to continue to sustain and improve its daily life as well as its environment by weaving social tie and by focusing more on solidarity.
Economics is the science of wealth, the main objective of which is to satisfy human needs within the constraint of limited available resources. The production and consumption patterns of economic agents are examined in order to identify the most efficient and optimal ways of meeting needs. At the same time, redistribution problems have an important place in economic science, and they lead to questions of development and economic growth.
Since the 1990s, officially declared by the United Nations as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), the relatively frequent occurrence of devastating disasters, induced mainly by natural hazards but also by human activities, development efforts and economic growth have been seriously threatened. Poverty alleviation efforts undertaken by nations in the Global South and supported by international donors, as well as development outcomes worldwide, are suffering from disasters. The international community has become more and more aware of the need to systematically mainstream disaster risk reduction in development policy and strategy. Therefore, disaster risk reduction economics is becoming a priority and part of economics as a science. For more than three decades, based on risk assessment, risk prevention and mitigation strategies, including structural and nonstructural measures, such as but not limited to, risk retention and transfer, preparedness as well as ex-post activities such as response, recovery and reconstruction are using economic variables and tools since mid-2000s to become more efficient. Furthermore, protecting economic growth and development benefits is possible only if enough attention is given to risk science. From this perspective, risk science is becoming part of economics, as evidenced by the new branch called risk reduction economics, which is essential to the attainment of sustainable development goals and resilient societies.
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