The Kere is a recurrent famine occurring in the south of Madagascar that emerged substantively in the 1930s. Each major event claims thousands of lives and keeps many in a cycle of impoverishment, despite the existence of various aid-based responses. This assessment presents qualitative research exploring two Kere-affected communities' experiences of the phenomenon. Through focus group discussions, we learn that the Kere is a complex social-ecological disaster, compounded by an intricate chain of causation and impacts. Seeking a deep understanding of affected peoples' perceptions and experience of the phenomenon, this paper challenges the idea that the Kere is a famine caused by recurring drought that can only be solved with provision of water and aid-based solutions. Based on community views and research literature, and the application of Ostrom's social-ecological systems framework, we demonstrate that the Kere is a phenomenon compounded by multiple interacting, debilitating factors including deforestation, drought, pests and diseases, food insecurity, extreme poverty, lawlessness, and political malaise; thus, solutions require a comprehensive, sustained, holistic response.
This article analyzes the role of social links on a community resilience and development, the study is presenting the rural community of Ambaro-Bekibo in southeastern coast of Madagascar. From the literature perspective, a resilient community is capable to organize itself so as to be able to overcome the various hazards or disasters which could strike, and then to continue to sustain and improve its daily life as well as its environment by weaving social tie and by focusing more on solidarity.
The management of waste and various sources of pollution is one of the new environmental risks that the country must face. Thus, “Developing protective measures against the introduction into the national territory of harmful and dangerous products and waste” is a main action set out in Article 20 of the Environmental Charter in Madagascar. Fiscal policy by introducing an environmental tax on imports could be a proposal in this direction. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the impacts of a potential environmental tax on imported products that generate pollution and waste. The models chosen have highlighted the environmental gain, in terms of reduction in the volume of polluting products (with the simple linear regression model), although the reduction is limited to specific goods (with the multiple linear regression model), as well as the obtaining of additional revenue likely to be allocated to the financing of well-defined projects.
La côte Est de Madagascar est touch ée par de nombreux cyclones chaque année. A cette situation s’ajoute une insécurité alimentaire forte pour les ménages. Dans ces conditions, les ménages devraient adopter une stratégie de migration. A partir d’une enquête sur deux villages, nous tentons de comprendre pourquoi en réalité les populations ne migrent pas alors que leurs conditions de vie devraient les pousser à le faire. Notre réponse réside dans l’analyse de la solidarité villageoise qui constitue un frein au mouvement des personnes.
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