The etiology of pityriasis lichenoides is unknown. One of the accepted theories
admits that PL is an inflammatory response to extrinsic antigens such as infectious
agents, drugs and vaccines. In recent medical literature, only the MMR vaccine
(Measles, Mumps and Rubella) was associated with the occurrence of this disease. We
present a case of a male, 12 year old healthy patient who, five days after Infl uenza
vaccination, developed erythematous papules on the trunk, abdomen and limbs, some
with adherent crusts and associated systemic symptoms. This case report is notable
for describing the first case of pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta
associated with the vaccine against Influenza.
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