The Indonesian cocoa sector has experienced tremendous growth in the past twenty five years with massive growth, driven by rapid expansion of smallholder farmer participation. Cocoa production provides the main source of income of millions smallholder farmers and their families in Indonesia. Smallholders contribute more than ninety percent of national production; the remainder comes from state-owned plantations and private estates. In parts of Indonesia, cocoa is responsible for the opening up of primary forests and the establishment of settlements in these previously forested areas. Cocoa intensification system, which increases the fragmentation of primary forests and is considered agriculturally unsustainable, is becoming common in Indonesia. This paper presents the synthesis that resulted from this review as well as the researcher's critical appraisal of the state of the research field of intensification system and its effect under climate change which the objective remaining stakeholder relevant to the sustainable intensification of farming practices of the poor smallholder farmers in Indonesia.
ABSTRAKJagung merupakan komoditas penting di Sulawesi Tenggara dan juga sebagai sumber pendapatan utama bagi petani kecil. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di Desa Amesiu, Kecamatan Pondidaha, Kabupaten Konawe. Kajian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk rantai pasok, metode Hayami untuk analisis nilai tambah, dan analisis SWOT. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah tertinggi diperoleh dari usaha jagung rebus dan terendah adalah petani jagung (masing-masing Rp303.900,00/kg dan Rp9.900,00/kg), sedangkan pedagang pengumpul mendapatkan nilai tambah sebesar Rp235.960,00/kg. Hasil analisis margin mengindikasikan nilai tertinggi diperoleh para pengusaha jagung rebus (Rp323.898,00/kg), dan margin terendah di tingkat petani (Rp36.200,00/kg), sedangkan pedagang pengumpul dengan nilai margin Rp240.960,00/kg. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang harus diterapkan oleh usaha jagung rebus tersebut adalah mendukung kebijakan pertumbuhan yang agresif (growth oriented strategy). Strategi agresif ini lebih fokus pada strategi SO (Strength-Opportunities), yaitu dengan menggunakan kekuatan untuk memanfaatkan peluang yang ada. Kata kunci: jagung, nilai tambah, petani, rantai nilai ABSTRACTMaize is the essential crop in Southeast Sulawesi and also as the primary income resource for the smallholder farmers. This research was conducted in Amesiu Village, Pondidaha Sub District, of Konawe District. This study has employed descriptive method for supply chain, Hayami method for value added analysis and SWOT analysis. Study results show that maize boiled business is the highest value added and the lowest value added is the maize farmer (IDR303.900,00/kg and IDR9.900/kg respectively). Meanwhile, the middle men have value added about IDR235.960,00/kg. Margin analysis shows that the business men of boiled maize have the highest margin (IDR323.898,00/kg), the lowest margin is the maize farmer (IDR36.200,00/kg), meanwhile the middle men has margin value about IDR240.960/kg). SWOT analysis shows the strategy that should be implemented by the business men of boiled maize is to support aggressively growth policy (growth oriented strategy). This strategy is more focusing to SO strategy (Strength-Opportunity) by using power to implement the opportunity.
If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation.*Related content and download information correct at time of download. Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge on the economic performance of genetically modified (GM) cotton worldwide based on a wide range of data and source from available literature, and second to assess yield gain and economic performance. Design/methodology/approach -A systematic review was captured to provide the evidence of potential benefits of GM cotton. A country-specific analysis was conducted in order to compare economic indicators and employed meta-analysis to find out the significance of the different of GM cotton over its counterpart.Findings -This paper depicts positive impact of commercialized GM cotton in terms of net revenue, and the benefits, especially in terms of increased yields, are greatest for the mostly farmers in developing countries who have benefitted from the spill over of technology targeted at farmers in industrialized countries.Research limitations/implications -Due to the variability of the data which came from different methodologies, it is difficult to determine the differences of the performances each individual study.Practical implications -This, it is believed that results from this study can be useful for operations of all sizes as the authors think about what needs to be focussed on for long-term producers survival. Originality/value -The paper clearly indicates that China is the highest cotton yield of GM cotton, the lowest cost of GM seed and the lowest cost of chemical spray compare to any other countries. Therefore, this is the fact that the adoption of GM cotton has been widely spread among the farmers across the regions in China. Keywords Agriculture, Benefits, Effects, Cotton growers Paper type General review IntroductionThe benefits of genetically modified (GM) cotton continue to be disputed, despite rapid and widespread adoption since their commercial introduction in the USA in 1995 and first planted in 1996 ( James, 2009). Since its 1996 debut on US cotton farms, according to James (2012) biotech cotton reached 24.3 million hectares in 2012 down from the 24.7 million hectares grown in 2011. With lower global price ...
<abstract> <p>Agroforestry systems, particularly the coffee agroforestry system (CAS), represent a promising approach to achieving sustainable development and promoting a green economy in Indonesia. Our research aims to explore the potential of CAS to provide ecosystem services and socio-economic benefits and address environmental risks in Indonesia. To critically analyze the current state of CAS in Indonesia, its potential for sustainable development, and the challenges that should be addressed to increase its uptake, we conducted a systematic review of published academic literature. Our findings suggest that CAS has the potential to turn a profit in the future thanks to rising global and domestic market demand as well as environmental benefits like reducing carbon emissions and improving resource efficiency. However, several challenges should be addressed to improve coffee quality and sustain green economy activities, including product certification, collaboration with NGOs and business entities, and coordination of government policies at the site level. Overall, this study highlights the importance of CAS as a green economy approach in Indonesia and suggests policy recommendations to support its promotion and adoption. By addressing the challenges and promoting the potential of CAS, sustainable development and green economic growth can be achieved in Indonesia.</p> </abstract>
Cashew nut production in Indonesia is largely limited to the eastern region. The harvesting time varies according to the production region during the dry season, ranging from July to November. Most cashews are sold in the shells to traders who frequent farmers’ villages. However, the price of cashews in the shell is considerably lower than that of fresh or processed cashew nuts, which are mainly processed by smallholder farmers. Cashews are a potential export commodity because of their high economic value in the global market and as an added value for income generation in the smallholder farming system. This study is a systematic review of the economic impact of the cashew nut home industry focused on Southeast Sulawesi, East Nusa Tenggara, and West Nusa Tenggara as the three largest provinces producing cashew kernels in Indonesia. The metadata suggest that processing cashew nuts is a key element in enhancing farmers’ welfare, particularly for those in eastern regions, which are affected by drought. Four measures were identified to improve the home cashew nut industry sustainability: (1) develop local cashew enterprise processing; (2) facilitate linkages to business and financial institutions; (3) increase income via a farmer’s-group-managed processing unit; and (4) strengthen cooperation between farmer’s groups and companies.
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