Early training of toothbrushing and fissure sealing of first permanent molars are the most important factors for the dental health of primary school children.

No abstract

In a population with low caries prevalence, significant differences between subgroups could only be found when initial lesions were included.

The interdisciplinary prevention program presented here is an effective concept for preventing ECC and considerably helps reduce problems in the treatment of small children.

It is sufficient to offer such programmes in socially deprived areas.

The results of our study suggest that a SIP impedes the primary occurrence of incipient lesions and the transition from incipient to advanced lesions.

There must be a stronger focus on families of low socioeconomic status when preventive measures are performed on groups or individuals.

Objective: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are particularly exposed SARS-CoV-2 because they are critical in preventing viral transmission and treating COVID-19 patients. Within HCWs, personnel of intensive care units (ICUs) are at the forefront of treating patients with a severe course of COVID-19 infection and therefore represent an extremely vulnerable group. Thus, our objective is to contribute to establish means of infection control protecting HCWs in the frontline of the current pandemic. Design: An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 was detected and contained in a pediatric ICU (PICU). The first positive case was identified with a point-of-care diagnostic system on site. Real-time PCR-based testing systems from self-collected nasopharyngeal samples swabs were used to test for viral RNA of SARS-CoV-2 in the follow-up. Setting: PICU within a tertiary university hospital in Germany. Participants: Healthcare workers of the PICU. Interventions: Positive HCWs were sent into quarantine. Containment measures were implemented including wearing of surgical-masks, physical distancing and systematic testing. Results: Among 432 HCWs, 91 (25%) were tested. Forty-five percent reported symptoms corresponding to characteristics of COVID-19. Of those, only 19,5% (8 HCWs) were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. No infection occurred outside the PICU. After the implementation of containment measures, viral transmission was stopped. Conclusions: In the present study, a large outbreak within a team of healthcare workers of a PICU, affecting almost one fifth of the entire personnel is documented, along with detailed insights about how the outbreak was contained and how operability of the unit was maintained.