Evaluation of an intensified prevention program for 4th graders with increased caries risk using <scp>ICDAS</scp>

Winter, Julia; Weber, Kristina; Martin, Katharina; Heinzel‐Gutenbrunner, Monika; Pieper, Klaus

doi:10.1111/ipd.12191

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Hausen et al found a no significant difference between intensified prevention and basic preventive programs in 12-to 13year-old children. In contrast, there is a study indicated benefit from an intensified prevention program (fluoride varnish application, fissure sealing, and restorative therapy) in decreasing caries development [18]. These disparate results may be due to the absence of any oral hygiene instructions provision for the control groups while our basic preventive regimen group received interventions for achieving quality tooth brushing with no restorative therapy (oral health education with hand-on tooth brushing practice, supervised tooth brushing by their teachers during after-lunch brushing, and received a tooth brushing by their teacher at least once a week).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two caries prevention programs among Thai kindergarten: a randomized controlled trial

Pisarnturakit

Detsomboonrat

2020

BMC Oral Health

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Background: Intensified preventive regimen based on a 'high-risk' approach has been proposed instead the routine prevention that is generally given to the whole population. The effectiveness of these regimens may still be an issue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare two preventive programs carried out in a Public School for kindergarten children. Methods:The data from clinical examinations were used to assess the caries risk for 121 children. Children with at least 2 carious lesions were considered as high risk for dental caries development. These children were randomized into two groups. Half (High risk basic-HRB group) were provided the basic prevention regimen (oral-hygiene instruction and hands-on brushing practice for teachers and caregivers, daytime tooth brushing supervised by teachers at least once a week, newly erupted first permanent molar sealant, provision of toothbrush, fluoridecontaining dentifrice, and a guidebook), which was also given to low-risk children (Low risk basic-LRB group). The other half (High risk intensive-HRI group) were additionally given an intensified preventive regimen (F-varnish application, primary molar sealant, and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application on carious lesions). Clinical examinations were performed semiannually to determine the dmfs caries increment of the three groups. Results:The 89 children completed the 24-month examination were 3-to 5-year-old with 19, 35, and 35 children in the LRB, HRB, and HRI group, respectively. The new caries development at 24 months of the HRB group (75%) was higher than that of the HRI group (65.7%) and the LRB group (21.1%). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant differences of caries increment between the HRB and HRI groups at the end of our study (p = 0.709). Conclusions:The negligible difference in caries increment between the HRI and HRB groups implies that intensified prevention produced minimal additional benefit. Offering all children only basic prevention could have obtained virtually the same preventive effect with substantially less effort and lower cost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two caries prevention programs among Thai kindergarten: a randomized controlled trial

Pisarnturakit

Detsomboonrat

2020

BMC Oral Health

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“…ICDAS comparability to the standard WHO criteria when the cut‐off point was score 3 was confirmed by another study . However, this review identified a few studies reported caries corresponding to the WHO d/D at ICDAS levels of 5 and 6 . Such inconsistency makes comparisons of data difficult, especially with prevalence estimates reported using the dmf/DMF index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Studies differed in their grouping of caries scores. For example, nine different caries surfaces measures and seven caries teeth measures were identified in this review. Some studies grouped them to classify caries as dentin and enamel lesions while others classified them as initial/early, moderate/established and severe/extensive lesions .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,22,24,61 In addition, some studies combined all scores of caries into one group. 4,19,23,25,30,48,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] (5)(6) mft/D (5)(6) MFT Total counts of teeth with ICDAS scores of 5 or more (d (5)(6) /D (5)(6) ), teeth with fillings (F) and extracted teeth (M) 33,41,47,49,52,79 d (3)(4) mft/D (3)(4) MFT Total counts of teeth with ICDAS scores of 3 and 4 (d (3)(4) /D (3)(4) ), teeth with fillings (F) and extracted teeth (M) (1)(2)(3) ) and surfaces with fillings (F) 130 d (...…”

Section: Categorical Characteristics Of the Recorded Icdas Caries Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caries reporting in studies that used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System: A scoping review

ElSalhy

Ali

Lai

et al. 2018

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objective To explore how caries was reported in studies that employed the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Methods A systematic database search up to August 2017 was carried out using PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane library and ISI Web of Science electronic databases. Only studies that used the ICDAS for dental caries examinations were included. Studies were excluded if the examination was done only for the validation or the calibration of the ICDAS and/or if the examination was not done for the whole dentition. Measures used to report caries were considered. Results A total of 126 papers met the inclusion criteria. Forty‐four different synthesis measures were used to report caries. Most of the studies used a combination of multiple measures to report patient's caries level. These reporting measures cluster into four main groups: the number of individual ICDAS scores (ie, total counts of every score); the number of decayed surfaces/teeth (ie, total counts of combined caries scores for surfaces or teeth); measures of caries experience (ie, total counts of combined caries scores, filled and/or missing surfaces or teeth); and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The number of decayed surfaces and individual ICDAS scores were the most commonly used measures. Three studies used mean ICDAS score (ie, total ICDAS scores divided by the number of teeth), two used mean ICDAS score of carious teeth (ie, total ICDAS scores divided by the number of carious teeth) and two used the maximum ICDAS score (ie, highest ICDAS score recorded). The total ICDAS score was used only once. Many studies synthesized from the ICDAS the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth/surfaces (dmft/DMFT, dmfs/DMFS) as a measure of caries experience. Conclusions There are variations among studies in the utilization of the system to summarize caries. Most studies presented caries data using the categorical characteristics of the ICDAS.

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“…Some decades ago, epidemiological studies from Hungary and Switzerland indicated that fluoridated salt contributed distinctly to a reduction in caries prevalence [Tóth, 1973;Marthaler and Steiner, 1981]. Later, cross-sectional epidemiological studies from Germany and Austria demonstrated that kindergarten and school children living in households where fluoridated salt was used had significantly lower mean dmft or DMFT values than children from families that did not use fluoridated salt [Schulte et al, 2001;Pieper et al, 2007Pieper et al, , 2012Wagner et al, 2014;Winter et al, 2016]. In these studies, either children or parents were asked whether they used fluoridated salt for…”

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confidence: 99%

Caries-Preventive Effect of Salt Fluoridation in Preschool Children in The Gambia: A Prospective, Controlled, Interventional Study

et al. 2017

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The aim of this study was to investigate the anticaries effect of fluoridated salt in a communal feeding program for preschool children. In the Gambian city of Brikama, drinking water had a low fluoride content (0.1 mg F^-/L) and young children did not use toothpaste for oral hygiene. Its 2 preschools served as clusters for the trial. Random allocation of the kindergartens was performed by one person not involved in the study, and the clinical examinations were carried out using the envelope method. Meals were prepared with fluoridated salt (250 mg F^-/kg salt) in the intervention group but not in the control group. According to the inclusion criteria (complete primary dentition and informed consent from legal guardian), 441 children aged 3-5 years were enrolled. The children were examined by calibrated persons according to WHO criteria, allowing the calculation of d₃mft scores. The primary end point was the mean difference in the incidence of caries cavities (Δd_3/4mft) after 12 months. After 12 months, the mean caries incidence per person was 1.29 d_3/4mf teeth (95% CI: 0.96; 1.62) in the test group (n = 304 children) and 3.83 d_3/4mf teeth (95% CI: 2.94; 4.72) in the control group (n = 137 children). Thus, the caries-prevented fraction was 66.3%. No signs of harm due to the intervention were observed. The use of fluoridated salt in a communal feeding program and in an environment with negligible availability of fluoride from other sources yields a considerable caries-preventive effect.

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Evaluation of an intensified prevention program for 4th graders with increased caries risk using ICDAS

Abstract: The results of our study suggest that a SIP impedes the primary occurrence of incipient lesions and the transition from incipient to advanced lesions.

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of two caries prevention programs among Thai kindergarten: a randomized controlled trial

Comparison of two caries prevention programs among Thai kindergarten: a randomized controlled trial

Caries reporting in studies that used the International Caries Detection and Assessment System: A scoping review

Caries-Preventive Effect of Salt Fluoridation in Preschool Children in The Gambia: A Prospective, Controlled, Interventional Study

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