Background Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that integrates digital information into the user’s real-world environment. It offers a new approach for treatments and education in medicine. AR aids in surgery planning and patient treatment and helps explain complex medical situations to patients and their relatives. Objective This systematic and bibliographic review offers an overview of the development of apps in AR with a medical use case from March 2012 to June 2017. This work can aid as a guide to the literature and categorizes the publications in the field of AR research. Methods From March 2012 to June 2017, a total of 1309 publications from PubMed and Scopus databases were manually analyzed and categorized based on a predefined taxonomy. Of the total, 340 duplicates were removed and 631 publications were excluded due to incorrect classification or unavailable technical data. The remaining 338 publications were original research studies on AR. An assessment of the maturity of the projects was conducted on these publications by using the technology readiness level. To provide a comprehensive process of inclusion and exclusion, the authors adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Results The results showed an increasing trend in the number of publications on AR in medicine. There were no relevant clinical trials on the effect of AR in medicine. Domains that used display technologies seemed to be researched more than other medical fields. The technology readiness level showed that AR technology is following a rough bell curve from levels 4 to 7. Current AR technology is more often applied to treatment scenarios than training scenarios. Conclusions This work discusses the applicability and future development of augmented- and mixed-reality technologies such as wearable computers and AR devices. It offers an overview of current technology and a base for researchers interested in developing AR apps in medicine. The field of AR is well researched, and there is a positive trend in its application, but its use is still in the early stages in the field of medicine and it is not widely adopted in clinical practice. Clinical studies proving the effectiveness of applied AR technologies are still lacking.
In 2019 the Gemeindenotfallsanitäter was introduced in the area of Oldenburg, and scientific monitoring starting 2021 with Inanspruchnahme, Leistungen und Effekte des Gemeindenotfallsanitäters. Since then, it is possible to track patient journeys, starting from the emergency call to the subsequent treatment. This short communication provides an overview of the necessary data-acquisition and dataflow from all participating institutions and its possibilities.
The usability of ventilators is critical for patient safety. This systematic review shows the methods used in usability studies on ventilators, if those are similar in methodology. Furthermore, the usability tasks are compared to the requirements for manufactures during approval. Results show that the methodology and procedure of the studies are similar, but only cover part of the primary operating functions from their corresponding ISO Norm. Therefore optimisation of aspects of the study design, e.g., scope of tested scenarios, is possible.
Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Pandemie hat zu Veränderungen in der Notfallversorgung mit atypischen Schwankungen der Einsatzzahlen geführt. Dies wurde u. a. mit dem veränderten Verhalten und einem gesteigerten Belastungsempfinden der Bevölkerung erklärt. Bestehende Untersuchungen geben Hinweise auf das gesteigerte Auftreten von psychischen Krankheitsbildern in der Notfallversorgung bei fortwährender Pandemie. Ziel In diesem Beitrag wird ein Zusammenhang zwischen der COVID-19-Pandemie und dem Auftreten von Einsatzstichworten im Kontext Suizid in sechs unterschiedlich strukturierten Rettungsdienstbereichen untersucht. Methodik Es handelt sich um eine retrospektive Querschnittstudie basierend auf der Routinedokumentation einer integrierten Leitstelle mit deskriptiver und explorativer Datenanalyse. Die Daten werden anhand siedlungsstruktureller Kreistypen aufgeschlüsselt und mit dem vom Robert-Koch-Institut (RKI) dokumentierten Wert der COVID-19-Krankheitsfälle der letzten 7 Tage/100.000 Einwohner und Pandemiephasen ins Verhältnis gesetzt. Ergebnisse Es zeigt sich in Phase 1 und 2a ein Absinken des Einsatzaufkommens während der Pandemie. Zudem stellt sich eine Verschiebung der Dispositionsfälle mit Suizidkontext nach Strukturtypen in Phase 3 dar. Einer gesunkenen Einsatzrate im dünn besiedelten ländlichen Kreis steht eine Steigerung in der Großstadt gegenüber. Die Umstellung des Leitstellensystems zum 16.03.2021 zeigt eine deutliche Steigerung der Einsatzstichworte im Kontext Suizid. Diskussion Die Ausprägung der Resilienz der Landbevölkerung erscheint in Phase 3 stärker ausgeprägt. Eine kontinuierliche „mental health surveillance“ unter Einbeziehung auch rettungsdienstlich erhobener Daten kann wertvolle Erkenntnisse liefern. Die Studie zeigt zudem die Notwendigkeit einer Standardisierung von Leitstellendaten auf.
BACKGROUND Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that integrates digital information into the user’s real-world environment. It offers a new approach for treatments and education in medicine. AR aids in surgery planning and patient treatment and helps explain complex medical situations to patients and their relatives. OBJECTIVE This systematic and bibliographic review offers an overview of the development of apps in AR with a medical use case from March 2012 to June 2017. This work can aid as a guide to the literature and categorizes the publications in the field of AR research. METHODS From March 2012 to June 2017, a total of 1309 publications from PubMed and Scopus databases were manually analyzed and categorized based on a predefined taxonomy. Of the total, 340 duplicates were removed and 631 publications were excluded due to incorrect classification or unavailable technical data. The remaining 338 publications were original research studies on AR. An assessment of the maturity of the projects was conducted on these publications by using the technology readiness level. To provide a comprehensive process of inclusion and exclusion, the authors adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. RESULTS The results showed an increasing trend in the number of publications on AR in medicine. There were no relevant clinical trials on the effect of AR in medicine. Domains that used display technologies seemed to be researched more than other medical fields. The technology readiness level showed that AR technology is following a rough bell curve from levels 4 to 7. Current AR technology is more often applied to treatment scenarios than training scenarios. CONCLUSIONS This work discusses the applicability and future development of augmented- and mixed-reality technologies such as wearable computers and AR devices. It offers an overview of current technology and a base for researchers interested in developing AR apps in medicine. The field of AR is well researched, and there is a positive trend in its application, but its use is still in the early stages in the field of medicine and it is not widely adopted in clinical practice. Clinical studies proving the effectiveness of applied AR technologies are still lacking.
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