The article is devoted to axiological marking of speech metaphors in English stylized communication within drama discourse. Modern drama discourse, being the discursive space of its own status, unites the characteristics of belle-lettres discourse and colloquial speech, due to which the traditional linguistic markers of fiction obtain new meanings. While embedding into the context of stylized communication, metaphors significantly extend their functional paradigm, the centre of which is now taken by axiological function with expressive and emotive actualization. The article is aimed at systematization and linguistic interpretation of speech metaphors in English-language drama with the purpose of adequate determination of their evaluative potential and their role in linguistic representation of linguocultural axiosphere. The axiological nature of metaphors as their leading characteristic in the English-language drama has not previously been the subject of a separate linguistic study. The empirical base of the research includes 200 metaphors and metaphorical complexes recorded in modern English-language plays; the method of complex linguoaxiological interpretation was employed as the main one. In the course of the study, the boundaries of structural variation of axiological metaphors in the English-language drama discourse were determined and their leading patterns were identified, such as one-component metaphorical nominations, multi-component metaphorical nominations and metaphorical complexes. Besides, the types of thematic transfers of speech metaphors were determined, with attention being paid to the implementation of their evaluative function in the utterance. The defined system of evaluative objects within metaphorical evaluative statements allowed to identify the components of English linguocultural axiosphere which are conceptualized in drama with the help of various structural and thematic metaphorical types, namely 'family', 'intellect', 'truth'. Each of these axiological dominants acts as a value guideline in the English-language linguoculture being linguistically marked by a certain set of metaphors fulfilling their interdiscoursive evaluative potential
The research aims to identify patterns in the use of English simple sentences as a means of logical inference representation. The work is novel in that it is the first to carry out a logical-grammatical analysis of simple sentences involving the material of the English language in terms of their ability to represent a logical inference; the first to identify the structural and semantic features of the syntactic constructions under consideration. As a result, the comparison and analysis of two levels of the text (logical and linguistic) made it possible to identify and describe specific manifestations of the invariant (logical form) and the variant (various ways of linguistic expression) in the meanings of the studied linguistic units. It was revealed that certain types of English simple sentences the parts of which are linked by semantic cause-effect relations serve as a means of logical inference expression in the form of enthymemes of varying degrees of clarity. It was proved that markers of algorithms for constructing logical syllogisms are traced in the natural (English) language in the form of corresponding linguistic means, while “pure” logical inferences acquire various semantic layers in the language.
Статья посвящена проблеме современных функций оценки учебной деятельности студентов-бакалавров. Рассматриваются две альтернативные системы оценивания: безотметочная система и система рейтинга, каждая из которых может успешно реализовать мотивационный потенциал оценки. Анализируются практические возможности и способы их реализации, обосновываются конкретные механизмы и модели эффективного внедрения рейтинговой системы при преподавании практического курса английского языка на старших курсах бакалавриата. Приводятся примеры типов эссе, варианты их оценивания, предлагается структура портфолио студента как форма качественной обратной связи. Адрес статьи: www.
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