Results of investigation and chemical analysis of electro-exploded metal nanopowders passivated and/or coated with the non-inert reagents and air (for a comparison) are discussed. Surface protection of aluminum nanopowders by coatings of different origin results in significant advantages in the energetic properties of the powders. Aluminum nanopowders with a protecting surface show increased stability to oxidation in nitrogen, air and in water during storage period. On the basis of experimental results, diagram of the formation and stabilization of the coatings on particles has been proposed. Kinetics of interaction of aluminum nanopowders with nitrogen, air and water has been discussed. Recommendations concerning efficiency of non-inert reagent passivation are proposed on a basis of comprehensive analysis of the experimental data
The chapter summarizes the features of the combustion synthesis for nano- and micron-sized metal powders (Al, B, Zr, and Ti) and their mixtures with additives in N2/O2 mixtures for nitrides (oxynitrides) production. The formation of nitrides as the main phase of the combustion products of metals in air are experimentally proved and theoretically justified. The physics and chemistry of the nitride formation by the combustion process, new combustion mechanisms, the stabilization of nonequilibrium products, and the characteristics of the combustion of metal nanopowders are comprehensively discussed along with technological aspects of the combustion synthesis of nitrides
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