Background: There are more than 10 million infants die world wide every year, 45 % of them are caused by malnutrition either directly or indirectly. Provision of mother's breast milk within the first hour of birth may reduce infant mortality in the first month by 22%. However, breastfeeding in the first hour of birth only reaches 43% of the total number birth. In South Asia the achievement of early initiation of breastfeeding is only 41% of the total births within the first hours of birth, whereas in Indonesia is only 34.5%. The study aimed to discover the factors that influence the timeliness of early initiation of breastfeeding in Tegal Regency. Subjects and Method:The type of the study was analytic observational with cross sectional approach in Tegal Regency that consisted of Pagiyanten Community Health Center, Pagerbarang Community Health Center, Bumijawa Community Health Center, Jatinegara Community Health Center and RSUD dr. Soeselo. The study was conducted in February up to March 2017 by using 121 samples of post partum mother, and the sampling technique used was exhaustive sampling method. The dependent variable in the study was time of early breastfeeding, whereas independent variables included maternal education, maternal occupation, family income, maternal knowledge, parity, ANC history and health workers' support. The data was measured by a set of questionnaires which was employed as the guidelines of interview and the result of the study was analyzed by using multiple logistic regression. Results: Factors that influenced the timeliness of early initiation of breastfeeding were maternal education ≥Senior High School (OR=3.90; 95% CI= 1.14 to 13.37; p=0.030), maternal occupation (OR= 7.93; 95% CI=1.68 to 37.52; p=0.009), ANC history ≥ 4 times (OR=3.48; 95% CI =0.82 to 14.81; p=0.092), and strong health workers' support (OR=12.58; 95% CI= 4.30 to 36.77; p<0.001) with the value of Negelkerker R square was 0.387. Conclusion: Factors that influenced the timeliness of early breastfeeding initiation included education, occupation, ANC history, and health workers' support.
AbstrakMenurut data WHO tahun 2015 jumlah BBLR di Indonesia berada di peringkat sembilan dunia dengan persentase BBLR lebih dari 15,5 % dari kelahiran bayi. Bayi yang lahir dengan berat badan kurang dari 2500 gram mempunyai resiko mengalami komplikasi. Keberlanjutan kehidupan bayi yang lahir dengan berat rendah juga sangat tergantung dari keadaan ekonomi, Pendidikan orang tua dan perawatan pasca bayi lahir. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey analitik. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah case control yaitu penelitian melibatkan kelompok kasus yaitu bayi BBLR yang berjumlah 32 dan bayi yang lahir dengan berat lahir normal sebagai kelompok kontrol yang berjumlah 32. Variabel faktor ibu yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah umur ibu, paritas, jarak kehamilan, status gizi ibu, anemia dalam kehamilan, pre eklampsi, dan riwayat berat lahir rendah pada kehamilan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar bayi lahir pada umur ibu usia tidak beresiko 68, 8 %, paritas Pirmi/multigravida 90,6 %, jarak kehamilan ≥ 2 tahun 84,6 %, ibu hamil tidak KEK 68,8, anemia dalam kehamilan 50 %. Hasil analisis uji hubungan dengan Chi Square dan alpha 0,05 didapatkan 2 variabel mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna yaitu status gizi (p value 0,023), dan Anemia dalam kehamilan (p value 0,012). Kata kunci : faktor maternal, Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah AbstractAccording to WHO data in 201, the number of Low Birth Weight (LBW) of Indonesia is ranked ninth in the world with the percentage of LBW more than 15.5% of babies born. Babies born with weight less than 2500 grams have a risk of complications. The sustainability of a low birth weight baby's life is also highly based on the state of the economy, parental education and post-natal care.This research is an analytic survey research. The design of the research used was case control, the study involved case groups of 32 LBW infants and babies born with normal birth weight as a control group of 32. Maternal factor variables studied in this study were maternal age, parity, gestational distance, maternal nutritional status, anemia in pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, and a history of low birth weight in previous pregnancies. This study was conducted during October to December 2017. The results showed that most of the babies born at the age of the mother were not at risk 68,8%, Primi / multigravida 90.6%, the distance of pregnancy ≥ 2 years 84.6%, pregnant women not KEK 68.8, anemia in pregnancy 50%. Result of analysis of test of correlation with Chi Square and alpha 0,05 got 2 variables have significant relationship that is nutrition status (p value 0,023), and Anemia in pregnancy (p value 0,012). Keyword : maternal factor, Low Birth Weight
Anemia is a deficiency of hemoglobin levels, hematocrit and the number of erythrocytes lower than normal. Nutritional anemia is influenced lack of iron in food del absorption of iron is low, increasing demand, dietary deficiency, and there are inhibitors of iron absorption in the diet. To increase the absorption of nutrients there are several micronutrients that can be consumed along with fe, which are also called enhancer factors, but there are also some substances that can inhibit absorption (inhibitors). This study aims to determine the consumption behavior of Fe enhancers and Fe inhibitors with the incidence of anemia in pregnancy. This research is analytical survey research with cross sectional research design. conducted during August 2018 in Margadana Village, Tegal City. All pregnant women from April to July in Margadana Village are used as samples. Data analysis using chi square. The results showed that there was no relationship between vegetable eating behavior (P=0.58), eating fruit (P=0.57), eating frequency (0.42)and tea drinking habits during pregnancy on the incidence of anemia (P=0.7), but there was a relationship between fruit consumption behavior before pregnancy and the incidence of anemia (P=0.036). Mentoring and monitoring of consumption patterns in pregnant women, especially those with anemia, need to be done. AbstrakAnemia adalah suatu keadaan adanya penurunan kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit dan jumlah eritrosit di bawah nilai normal. Anemia gizi dipengaruhi oleh jumlah zat besi dalam makanan yang tidak cukup, penyerapan zat besi rendah, kebutuhan meningkat, pola makan tidak baik, dan terdapat zat penghambat penyerapan zat besi dalam makanan. Untuk meningkatkan penyerapan zat gizi terdapat beberapa zat gizi mikro yang dapat dikonsumsi bersama dengan fe yang disebut juga faktor enhancer, tetapi terdapat juga beberapa zat dapat menghambat penyerapan (inhibitor). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perilaku konsumsi sumber enhancer Fe dan inhibitor Fe dengan anemia pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian survey analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional. yang dilakukan selama bulan Agustus 2018 di Kelurahan Margadana Kota Tegal. Seluruh ibu hamil selama bulan April sampai Juli di Kelurahan Margadana dijadikan sebagai sampel. Analisia data menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa perilaku makan sayur (P=0.58), makan buah selama hamil (P=0.57), frekuensi makan (P= 0.42) dan kebiasaan minum teh selama hamil (P=0.7) tidak berhubungan dengan anemia, tetapi perilaku konsumsi buah sebelum hamil berhubungan dengan anemia (P=0.036). Perlu dilakukan pendampingan maupun pemantauan pola konsumsi pada ibu hamil khususnya yang mengalami anemia.
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