We present a construction in Matrix theory of longitudinal 5-branes whose geometry in transverse space corresponds to a 4-sphere. We describe these branes through an explicit construction in terms of N × N matrices for a particular infinite series of values of N . The matrices used in the construction have a number of properties which can be interpreted in terms of the 4-sphere geometry, in analogy with similar properties of the SU (2) generators used in the construction of a spherical membrane. The physical properties of these systems correspond with those expected from M-theory; in particular, these objects have an energy and a leading long-distance interaction with gravitons which agrees with 11D supergravity at leading order in N .
A new magnetic separation idea utilizing several ideas from microfabrication and nanomagnetics is presented. The basic idea comes from our earlier work using asymmetry in obstacles and Brownian motion to effect separation of objetcs [10] by moving them in streams whose angle to the hydrodynamic average velocity is a function of the diffusion coefficient of the object. The device we propose here is not technically a Brownian ratchet device but uses the idea of force which acts at angle to the hydrodynamic flow. In our case, the force is generated by a magnetic field gradient which comes from an array of magnetized wires which lie at an angle 0 to a hydrodynamic field flow. The sum of the hydrodynamic force and the magnetic force create a new vector which as in the case of the Brownian ratchet moves the cell out of the main stream direction.
Micro‐ and nanofabrication techniques have provided an unprecedented opportunity to create a designed world in which separation and fractionation technologies which normally occur on the macroscopic scale can be optimized by designing structures which utilize the basic physics of the process, or new processes can be realized by building structures which normally do not exist without external design. Since microfabrication is exceedingly sophisticated in its development, it is possible to design and construct highly creative microdevices which allow one to probe specific aspects of biological objects. We give examples of uses of micro‐ and nanofabrication which, as opposed to simply shrinking the size of the vessels or tubes used in macroscopic lab environments, utilize our understanding of the physics of the process to take advantage of fabrication technologies.
Micro and nano fabrication techniques have provided an unprecedented opportunity to create a designed world in which separation and fractionation technologies which normally occur on the macroscopic scale can be optimized by designing structures which utilize the basic physics of the process, or new processes can be realized by building structures which normally do not exist without external design. Since microfabrication is exceedingly sophisticated in its development, it is possible to design and construct highly creative microdevices which allow one to probe specific aspects of a biological objects. We give examples of uses of micro and nano fabrication which as opposed to simply shrinking the size of the vessels or tubes used in macroscopic lab environments, utilize our understanding the physics of the process to take advantage of fabrication technologies.
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