Composite nanofibers of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVF 2 ) with silver nanoparticles are fabricated by electrospinning. According to the X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectra, the content of piezoelectric b-polymorph of PVF 2 is enhanced in the composite fibers of PVF 2 and silver as compared with the pristine PVF 2 raw materials and electrospun nanofibers. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurement indicates that the composite of PVF 2 and silver has higher melting point and crystallization temperature than that of pristine PVF 2 nanofibers. Moreover, the existence of silver nanoparticles greatly enhances the dielectric constant of PVF 2 nanofibers and keeps a low dielectric loss simultaneously, which mainly relates to the internal fibrous structure of the composite.
Size tunable copper porphyrin dispersed nanoplates, assembled nanoplates, and microspindles have been controllably fabricated by a simple surfactant-assisted solution route.
Single bismuth nanowires with diameters ranging from 100nmto1μm were electrochemically deposited in ion track-etched single-pore polycarbonate membranes. The maximum current density the wires are able to carry was investigated by ramping up the current until failure occurred. It increases by three to four orders of magnitude for nanowires embedded in the template compared to bulk bismuth and rises with diminishing diameter. Simulations show that the wires are heated up electrically to the melting temperature. Since the surface-to-volume ratio rises with diminishing diameter, thinner wires dissipate the heat more efficiently to the surrounding polymer matrix and, thus, can tolerate larger current densities.
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