Purpose: A common problem in mega cities is congestion, due to the size of the automotive park, this makes that the perishable foods decreasing their organoleptic characteristics or increases their losses, which requires considering the effect of time on routing problems. The state of the art demonstrates the need to formulate new routing models that include the specific characteristics of perishable foods in order to reduce their losses.Design/methodology/approach: A mathematical model was formulated based on two classical models: the three-index vehicle flow model proposed by (Golden, Assad, Levy & Gheysens, 1984) and the time window model proposed by (Cordeau, Desaulniers, Desrosiers, Solomon & Soumis, 1999). We proposed a novel VRP Model that permits reductions loss due to the perishable.Findings: The optimum cost is found with AMP® for twenty nodes, six vehicles and six fruits. For more nodes, a two-phase strategy is proposed, first a clustering based on a modified p-median model and then a VRP for each cluster.Research limitations/implications: The results showed the need to investigate multi-objective models, since the performance measures can be efficiency, quality and response capacity; the model can be applied in other supply chains of perishable foods.Social implications: According to FAO in Logistics practices in the last mile generate between 10-30% of the perishable food loss in developing countries’ mega-cities.Originality/value: A last-mile logistics strategy is proposed to manage delivery routes for fresh fruits in mega-cities, considering the effect of congestion through travel time in the perishability function. The new model it uses the flow variable to control the amount of each fruit arriving to each node and the time variable to define fruit waste or loss depending on the time and type of fruit.
RESUMENEl Problema de patrones es de gran importancia para empresas manufactureras que involucran el proceso de cortar grandes rollos de algún material y pasarlos a rollos más pequeños de diferentes anchos, considerando el efecto que este tienen sobre los inventarios de producto en proceso y materias primas. Una apropiada gestión de este problema no solo genera benéficos económicos, sino que también genera impactos sostenibles, en la medida que busca un equilibrio entre el costo de inventario y los desperdicios del proceso. Conscientes de la importancia de este problema en este trabajo se presenta inicialmente una introducción de lo que significa en complejidad la solución de un problema de este tipo en una empresa. Luego se enuncian sus antecedentes mediante los trabajos más importantes encontrados en la literatura, destacando algunos trabajos colombianos. Posteriormente, se aborda la clasificación del problema y se aportan sugerencias de otros aspectos a tener en cuenta en el problema. Finalmente se enmarcan los cuatro enfoques de solución más comunes dando ideas para investigaciones futura esperando con esto contribuir al desarrollo del tema.Palabras clave: Planeación del inventario; Proceso de cortado; Modelación matemática; Planeación de operaciones; Minimización de desperdicios. El problema de patrones de corte o cutting stock problem. ABSTRACTThe Cutting stock problem is of great importance for manufacturing companies that involving the process of cutting large rolls of some material into small strips of different widths, considering the effect this has on product inventories in process and raw materials. Proper management of this problem not only generates beneficial economic but also generates sustainable impacts, to the extent that seeks a balance between the cost of inventory and process waste. This paper first presents an overview of what complexity means in solving a problem of this type in a company. His background is set out with the most important works in the literature, highlighting some Colombian jobs. Then, we present classification problem and suggestions from other aspects are provided to consider when addressed cutting stock problem. Finally are framed the four most common approaches to solution giving ideas for future research, hoping thereby contribute to the development of the topic.
Modelo de planeación y control de la producción a mediano plazo para una industria textil en un ambiente make to order Resumen En el presente artículo se propone una metodología de planeación y control de la producción a mediano plazo para una industria del sector textil en un ambiente make to order. La metodología se basa en dos fases. En la primera fase se desarrolla un modelo de planeación agregada, que permite calcular las cantidades a producir en el taller de confección y la cantidad de prendas a maquilar, de tal forma que se maximice el beneficio total para la industria en el horizonte de planeación. En la segunda fase se plantea un modelo de programación de operaciones cuyo objetivo es secuenciar las cantidades a fabricar en el taller, de tal forma que se minimice el make span. Las dos fases propuestas constituyen una importante herramienta para apoyar la toma de decisiones sobre la gestión de la producción en industrias del sector textil. 170 Revista Ingenierías Universidad de MedellínGerson Arredondo Ortega -Kelly V. Ocampo Jaramillo -Juan P. Orejuela Cabrera -Carlos A. Rojas TrejosPlanning and production control in the medium term for textile industry model in a make to order environment AbstractIn this paper a methodology for planning and control of production in the medium term is proposed for the textile industry sector in a make to order environment. The methodology is based on two phases arising from the characteristics of the production system. In the first phase, an aggregate planning model, which allows the calculation of quantities produced in the own workshop and the amount to outsource of clothes to work on so that it meets the economic objectives and obtain the greatest benefit for the industry in the planning horizon. In the second stage, an operations programming model is proposed, which aims at producing sequences for the quantities that need to be produced in the workshop so that the make span is reduced. The two proposed phases constitute an important tool to support decision-making on production management in the textile sector.
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