BackgroundIn more than 98% of cases, acromegaly is due to a GH-secreting pituitary adenoma. The term “ectopic acromegaly” includes neuroendocrine tumors secreting GH releasing hormone (GHRH), usually located in the lungs, thymus and endocrine pancreas. Considerably less frequent are cases of ectopic acromegaly due to GH-secreting tumors located out of the pituitary fossa; except for one isolated case of a well-documented GH-secreting lymphoma, the majority of these lesions are located in the sphenoid sinus.Case presentationWe present the case of a 45 year old woman with acromegaly whose MRI showed an empty sella without evidence of a pituitary adenoma but revealed a large mass within the sphenoid sinus. She underwent transsphenoidal surgery and the excised sphenoid sinus mass, proved to be a GH-secreting adenoma; the sellar floor was intact and no other lesions were found in the pituitary fossa. She required postoperative treatment with somatostatin analogs and cabergoline for clinical and biochemical control.ConclusionsThis case highlights the importance of carefully evaluating the structures surrounding the sellar area when a pituitary adenoma is not found with currently available imaging techniques. The finding of an intact sellar floor and duramater lead us to conclude that the patient’s tumor originated de novo from embryological pituitary remnants. Upon a careful review of the literature and a critical evaluation of our case we found neither clinical nor biochemical features that would distinguish an ectopic from the more common eutopically located somatotrophinoma.
El presente trabajo se orientó a determinar la influencia del deporte en las características antropométricas de la huella plantar femenina, a partir de la comparación de la huella plantar entre mujeres deportistas participantes en los XVIII Juegos Deportivos Nacionales y mujeres sedentarias de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. A cada mujer se le realizó un fotopodograma para determinar el tipo de pie, tomándose también medidas antropométricas. Los resultados obtenidos referentes al tipo de pie evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significantes entre las dos poblaciones, aunque en ambas se presentó una mayor prevalencia de pies cavos, siendo evidente un bajo número de sujetos con huellas plantares en el rango de normalidad. Otros hallazgos mostraron diferencias entre el tipo de pie derecho y el izquierdo, siendo el porcentaje de individuos con pies asimétricos cercano al 40%. El largo y ancho de la huella presentaron diferencias significantes entre las deportistas y las sedentarias, pero no con relación al deporte practicado o entre el pie derecho y el pie izquierdo de un mismo sujeto.
By using the analytical equations of the propagation of Gaussian beams in which truncation exhibits negligible consequences, we describe a method that uses the value of the focal length of a focusing lens to classify its focusing performance. We show that for different distances between a laser and a focusing lens there are different planes where best focusing conditions can be obtained and we demonstrate how the value of the focal length impacts the lens focusing properties. To perform the classification we introduce the term delimiting focal length. As the value of the focal length used in wave propagation theory is nominal and difficult to measure accurately, we describe an experimental approach to calculate its value matching our anal¡ical description. Finally, we describe possible applications of the results for characterizing Gaussian sources, for measuring focal lengths and/or alternatively for characterizing piston-like movements.
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